Vanadium dioxide (VO2) can adopt many different crystal structures at ambient temperature and pressure, each with different, often desirable, electronic, optical, chemical properties. Understanding how to control which phase forms under various reaction conditions is therefore crucial developing VO2 for applications. This paper describes the impact of ligand acidity on formation nanocrystals fr...

We report the discovery that simple carboxylic acids, such as benzoic acid, boost activity of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalysts in oxidative esterification aldehydes. A and efficient protocol for transformation a wide range sterically hindered ?- ?-substituted aliphatic aldehydes/enals, catalyzed by novel readily accessible N-Mes-/N-2,4,6-trichlorophenyl 1,2,4-triazolium salt, acid co-cata...

Solid-state 1 H-NMR and 13 C-NMR spectroscopy were used to investigate the chemical components of sweet cherry tree leaves under rain-shelter cultivation (RS) open-field (CK). The spectral shifts RS CK showed differences in height integral value. δ 1–3, 3–4, 4–6, 6–10 regions attributed hydrogen signals aliphatic compounds, unsaturated carbohydrate aromatic respectively. Among four regions, per...

the imine intermediate generated by the addition of primary amine to the cinnamaldehyde is trapped by the n-isocyaniminotriphenylphosphorane (ph3pnnc) and a carboxylic acid, and leads to the formation of the corresponding iminophosphorane intermediate. the 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives are formed via intramolecular aza-wittig reaction of the iminophosphorane intermediate. the reactions were comp...

Females of the African malaria vector, Anopheles gambiae Giles sensu stricto, use human volatiles to find their blood-host. Previous work has shown that ammonia, lactic acid, and aliphatic carboxylic acids significantly affect host orientation and attraction of this species. In the current study, these compounds were tested for their attractiveness relative to human emanations in vivo and in vi...

Infrared spectra of some deuterio analogues of carboxylic acids in heavy water have been investigated and their spectral behavior in carbonyl stretching frequency region have been interpreted in terms of their structural behavior in aqueous solutions. It has been shown that a linear relationship exists between carbonyl stretching frequency of solvated acids at infinite dilution and their...

This review examines the methods used to study carboxylic acids and the results of such studies on certain acids in freshwater snails. The three areas of carboxylic acid interest considered in this review involve their roles as metabolites, phagostimulants, and biomarkers. The chromatographic and non-chromatographic methods used to study the carboxylic acids in the snails are considered herein....

Bioethanol production is achieved by only two metabolic pathways and only at moderate temperatures. Herein a fundamentally different synthetic pathway for bioalcohol production at 70 °C was constructed by insertion of the gene for bacterial alcohol dehydrogenase (AdhA) into the archaeon Pyrococcus furiosus. The engineered strain converted glucose to ethanol via acetate and acetaldehyde, catalyz...