BACKGROUND The use of alcohol-based hand rub solutions (ABHRSs) in health care settings has been associated with increased hand hygiene compliance and reduced rates of nosocomial infection. Deterioration in hand skin condition leads to impaired barrier function, changes in skin flora, and increased bacterial shedding. Thus, poor skin condition can increase the risk of infection. This study eval...

Chymotrypsinogen and chymotrypsin crystallize readily from dilute solutions of ethyl alcohol in the absence of salts. The crystals formed in the presence of alcohol differ in appearance from those formed in the presence of ammonium sulfate. Chymotrypsinogen yields well formed polyhedrons instead of fine needles usually produced in ammonium sulfate solution. Chymotrypsin yields fine needles in t...

A new antibiotic, aterrimin (Lewis et al., 1953), is unstable in aqueous solution at pH 7, and insoluble at lower pH levels. Aterrimin can be dissolved in absolute alcohol and the solutions can be used satisfactorily in a cylinder-plate type of assay (Heatley, 1944). Further investigation has established that sevbral other organic solvents are nontoxic to various bacteria when used in cylinders...

In this research, the micellar behavior of a cationic surfactant, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and an nonionic surfactant, polysorbate 20 (Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate) in different alcohol solutions media was investigated over the temperature range 293.15-313.15 K. The interaction between two surfactants in binary systems can be determined by calculating the values of t...

The role of aliphatic alcohols on the temperatures of the helix-coil (Trr) and of the melting transformation (Tr) for collagen in water solutions was investigated. Alcohols used were CH,OH, C2H50H, and C3H70H and the role of chloroethanol was also investigated. The results indicate that on increasing alcohol concentration both Tr and Trr are initially depressed (i.e. the random coil form is fav...

Alcohol sensing membranes coated on overhead transparency films for the continuous monitoring of ethanol, propanol and butanol are presented. Alcohol oxidation catalyzed by alcohol oxidase in conjunction with the fluorescence quenching reaction of oxygen-sensitive dye ion-pair, tris(4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline) ruthenium(II) didodecylsulphate was chosen for the determination. Alcohol oxida...

Laboratory directors or others responsible for blood alcohol testing are advised to reevaluate their procedures for alcohol tests. The demand for better traffic safety has resulted in a large increase in the number of arrests for drinking and driving violations and in a concomitant increase in the litigation of alcohol-related cases. My experience in the last 20 years indicates that many diffic...

background: gastric cancer is the second most common cause of death from cancer. as conflicting studies have recently been published, we aimed to evaluate the magnitude of the epidemiological evidence for an association between alcohol consumption and gastric cancer. methods: this study is a meta-analysis of case-control studies which have been performed during 1989 to 2007. we systematically r...