نتایج جستجو برای: airway resistance
تعداد نتایج: 455433 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Health care-associated bacterial pneumonias due to multiple-drug resistant (MDR) pathogens are an important public health problem and are major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In addition to antimicrobial resistance, these organisms have adapted to the milieu of the human airway and have acquired resistance to the innate immune clearance mechanisms that normally prevent pneumonia. ...
Laryngospasm is a potential complication encountered during anesthesia using a laryngeal mask airway (LMA). We report a case in which laryngospasm resulted in unsuccessful placement of an LMA ProSeal Airway (Teleflex Inc), and we discuss the various causes of unsuccessful placement of this type of airway device. Laryngospasm causes increased resistance to gas flow by inducing closure of vocal c...
Asthma diagnosis is difficult in young children being mainly based on clinical signs and parents' history, which is sometimes difficult to obtain. Lung function testing may improve asthma diagnosis by objectively assessing its main features, airway obstruction, spontaneously reversible or after use of a bronchodilator drug, ventilation inhomogeneity during an acute bronchoconstriction and airwa...
Antioxidant transport modulates peripheral airway reactivity and inflammation during ozone exposure.
We examined the effects of ozone (O(3)) and endogenous antioxidant transport on canine peripheral airway function, central airway function, epithelial integrity, and inflammation. Dogs were either untreated or pretreated with probenecid (an anion-transport inhibitor) and exposed for 6 h to 0.2 parts/million O(3). Peripheral airway resistance (Rpa) and reactivity (DeltaRpa) were monitored in thr...
The onset of sleep is associated with a reduction in upper airway patency and an increase in resistance, an effect observed in normal humans and animals, and typically present in snorers and patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)/hypopnea syndrome (1–5). Patients with OSA commonly have structural abnormalities that result in a narrowed upper airway and collapsible pharyngeal walls. During ...
We investigated the role of group V phospholipase A2 (gVPLA2) in OVA-induced inflammatory cell migration and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in C57BL/6 mice. Repeated allergen challenge induced biosynthesis of gVPLA2 in airways. By aerosol, gVPLA2 caused dose-related increase in airway resistance in saline-treated mice; in allergic mice, gVPLA2 caused persistent airway narrowing. Neither group...
The electromyographic (EMG) activity of human upper airway muscles, particularly the genioglossus, has been widely measured, but the relationship between EMG activity and physical movement of the airway muscles remains unclear. We aimed to measure the motion of the soft tissues surrounding the airway during normal and loaded inspiration on the basis of the hypothesis that this motion would be a...
965 percent decrease in resistance in an airway in which the wall area was 45 percent. Since an increase in airway wall thickness is one of the pathogenetic mechanisms that leads to the decrease in maximal expiratory flow in patients who have COPD,2 it would be expected that those patients with more severe baseline airflow obstruction would have thicker airway walls. Thus, another explanation f...
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