This report is one in a series of Software Engineering Institute (SEI) case studies on software architecture. It describes structural modeling, a technique for creating software architectures based on a small set of design elements called structural types. Structural modeling resulted from the efforts of the Air Force Aeronautical Systems Command (ASC/YW) and has been used by Air Force contract...

The electrocardiograms of 5000 healthy adult male applicants for aircrew training have been reviewed. Abnormalities were observed in the tracings of 158 subjects and these were further investigated. T-wave abnormalities occurred in 95 applicants, prolongation of the QRS (including the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome) in 28, prolongation of the P-R interval in 23, and miscellaneous changes in a g...

Skin temperatures and radiant energy were measured on a subject wearing flight clothing, sitting in a tactical aircraft exposed to thermal energy characteristic of thermonuclear weapons. Radiant energy source was 960 lamps at power levels up to 4000 kilowatts. After exposures of increasing severity, subject tolerance was attained in a 3 cal/cm pulse of 3.7 seconds duration. This pulse charred p...

BACKGROUND The prevalence of medical symptoms in aviators has not been described in the medical literature. METHODS An anonymous questionnaire was handed to all Israeli Air Force aviators who went through the routine yearly examination. Because only two women filled the questionnaire, we excluded them. The questionnaire contained a list of 49 symptoms and the aviators were asked to mark sympt...

Evaluation of LiF:Mg,Ti thermoluminescence dosemeters (TLDs) according to the high-temperature ratio (HTR) method enables the determination of the dose-average linear energy transfer (LET), the mean quality factor and the dose equivalent in mixed radiation fields of unknown composition. The neutron contribution is assessed by the Extended Pair method calibrated in the CERN-EU High-Energy Refere...

Aircrew fatigue is a major contributor to operational errors in civil and military aviation. Objective detection of pilot fatigue is thus critical to prevent aviation catastrophes. Previous work has linked fatigue to changes in oculomotor dynamics, but few studies have studied this relationship in critical safety environments. Here we measured the eye movements of US Marine Corps combat helicop...

Cockpit moving-maps have provided heightened situation awareness to Navy fighter pilots for over ten years. The Navy now plans to install a moving-map into its multifunction MH-60S helicopter, which will perform sea-based missions such as combat search and rescue and mine countermeasures. The authors surveyed 49 Navy helicopter aircrew for their preferences with respect to four map types and si...

This paper uses Events and Causal Factors charts to reexamine the ANSV’s report into the Linate runway incursion. The intention is not directly to identify new findings but to use the graphical formalism to trace the technical and managerial context for the errors made by individual air traffic controllers and aircrew. The analysis, therefore, looks beyond operator error as a cause of major acc...