Air pollution is a significant cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although the epidemiologic association between air pollution exposures and exacerbation of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is well established, the mechanisms by which these exposures promote CVD are incompletely understood. This review provides an overview of the components of air pollution, an overview of t...

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Air pollution causes severe physical and psychological health complications. Considering China's continuously-deteriorating air quality, this study aimed to assess the self-reported effects of air pollution on the behavior and physical health of the students of 13 densely populated cities, and their awareness, practices, and perception of air pollution and its associated public health risks. A ...

Worldwide, the problem of air pollution is heterogeneous in its sources and in the populations affected, but consistent in that there is an urgent need for action. In this Comment, we address whether framing air pollution as a human rights issue would more quickly and efficiently motivate and direct actions than what is done at present. We conclude that rights-based approaches merit deeper cons...

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According to the framework of "Pressure-State-Response", this study established an indicator system which can reflect comprehensive risk of environment and health for an area at large scale. This indicator system includes 17 specific indicators covering social and economic development, pollution emission intensity, air pollution exposure, population vulnerability, living standards, medical and ...

The distributed lag model (DLM), used most prominently in air pollution studies, finds application wherever the effect of a covariate is delayed and distributed through time. We specify modified formulations of DLMs to provide computationally attractive, flexible varying-coefficient models that are applicable in any setting in which lagged covariates are regressed on a time-dependent response. ...

PURPOSE The panel study design is commonly used to evaluate the short-term health effects of air pollution. Standard statistical methods are available for analyzing longitudinal data, but the literature reveals that these methods are poorly understood by practitioners. METHODS We review standard statistical methods for modeling longitudinal data. Marginal, conditional, and transitional approa...

Human exposure to outdoor air pollution is believed to cause severe health effects, especially in urban areas where pollution levels often are high, because of the poor dispersion conditions and high density of pollution sources. Many factors influence human health, and a good assessment of human air pollution exposure is, therefore, crucial for a proper determination of possible links between ...