Introduction: Alexander disease is a heterogenous group of diseases with various manifestations based on age of disease onset. This rare leukodystrophy syndrome with mutations in GFAP Gene could present with developmental delay and seizure in infantile form to ataxia and bulbar palsy in adulthood. However psychiatric symptoms are not well-defined and usually evaluate after disease diagnosis not...

background: baculoviral inhibitor of apoptosis repeat-containing 5 (birc5) gene is an inhibitor of apoptosis that expresses in human embryonic tissues but it is absent in most healthy adult tissues. the copy number of birc5 has been indicated to be highly increased in tumor tissues; however, its association with the age of onset in breast cancer is not well understood. methods: forty tumor tiss...

BACKGROUND α-Synuclein (SNCA) and microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) are the two major genes independently, but not jointly, associated with susceptibility for Parkinson's disease (PD). The SNCA gene has recently been identified as a major modifier of age of PD onset. Whether MAPT gene synergistically influences age of onset of PD is unknown. Objective. To investigate independent and joi...

Abstract Objectives There is currently no way to estimate the period of time a person has had obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). Such information important in both clinical and research settings as it would allow identification people who have experienced OSA for an extended period. People are therefore, at greater risk range other medical disorders; enable consideration length disease study patho...

This study sought to compare the clinical features and outcome of a first acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with onset of symptoms during or within 30 minutes of exercise, at rest and in bed. Information collected using a standard questionnaire was used to relate activity at the onset of symptoms and in-hospital outcome in 500 consecutive patients admitted to our heart center with a first ...

the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2dm) is rising dramatically in the middle east, especially in the islamic republic of iran, but the genetic basis of type 2 diabetes in iran is poorly understood. polymorphisms of hepatocyte nuclear factor-1α (hnf-1α) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (glp-1r) genes showed association with type 2 diabetes in several ethnic groups. in this study, w...

abstract background: different adjuvant drugs have been used with local anesthetics in order to decrease the time of onset and elongate the duration and quality of regional blocks. this study was performed to study the effects of one of the adjuvants, verapamil, in supraclavicular block. methods: in this double blinded clinical trial, we divided 60 asa class i and ii patients who were to underg...