The pathway oxoaverantin (OAVN) --> averufin (AVR) --> hydroxyversicolorone (HVN) --> versiconal hemiacetal acetate (VHA) is involved in aflatoxin biosynthesis, and the cypX and moxY genes, which are present in the aflatoxin gene cluster, have been previously suggested to be involved in this pathway. To clarify the function of these two genes in more detail, we disrupted the genes in aflatoxige...

Aflatoxin B1(AFB1) and total Aflatoxins (AFT) contaminated feed effect on aflatoxins residue level in eggs, muscles (breast, leg), organs (liver, kidney, gizzard) and excreted aflatoxins in chicken litter of layer hens were monitored. Laying hens were on four levels of aflatoxins for 6 weeks and monitored weekly for the change in both AFB1 and AFT levels. Pronouncedly, the AFB1 and AFT were det...

Aflatoxins are mycotoxins secreted by Aspergillus flavus, which can colonize the respiratory tract and cause fungal rhinosinusitis or bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. A. flavus is the second leading cause of invasive aspergillosis worldwide. Because many respiratory pathogens secrete toxins to impair mucociliary immunity, we examined the effects of acute exposure to aflatoxins on airway cell phy...

The aflatoxins are a group of chemically similar poisonous, carcinogenic fungal secondary metabolites produced by Aspergillus flavus, A. parasiticus, and A. nomius, which are abundant in warm and humid regions of the world. They are probably the most intensively researched toxins in the world due to their carcinogenic and mutagenic effects. Aflatoxins have also been identified as a potential bi...

BACKGROUND Garri is consumed by several millions of people in the West African sub-region and in Nigeria in particular, regardless of ethnicity and socio-economic class. However, production and handling methods have not been standardized, resulting in a product with varying quality and safety indices hence varying public health concern. OBJECTIVES To investigate the microbial contamination le...

Aspergillus flavus is one of the most important opportunistic pathogens of crops and animals. The carcinogenic mycotoxin, aflatoxins produced by this pathogen cause a health problem to human and animals. Since cyclic AMP signaling controls a range of physiological processes, like fungal development and infection when responding to extracellular stimuli in fungal pathogens, in this study, we inv...

In the present study, a longitudinal assessment was carried out to evaluate the short-term human exposure to aflatoxins in Pirassununga region, São Paulo, Brazil, by determination of urinary aflatoxins by a liquid chromatography coupled to mass sprectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method. Sixteen volunteers with ages ranging from 14 to 55 years old were instructed to collect the early morning first urine...

Aspergillus section flavi strains isolated from peanuts, wheat and soybean grown in Argentina were screened for aflatoxins (type B and G) and cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) production. Aspergillus flavus was the predominant species in all substrates, although there was almost the same proportion of A. flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus in peanuts. Aspergillus nomius was not found. Incidence of aflato...

Background & Aims: In this study, using a liquid-liquid microextraction method for pre-concentration trace amounts of aflatoxins, the amount of Aflatoxins B1 and B2 in powdered milk was determined. Determination of aflatoxins was done by using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with fluorescent detector. Method: Samples were extracted by immunoaffinity column (IAC) clean-up, and the...