Migration of an individual or a group occurs as result aggravating socio-economical, politic security-based conditions. isn’t simply pickup-and-go process, but it comes with some challenges and opportunities for both migrants relevant countries. Ongoing war conflicts five decades in Afghanistan have forced Afghans to emigrate at various times. But this unplanned migration movements seemed creat...

Hydatid disease is a common and major public health issue caused by parasite Echinococcus granulosus. The highest prevalence of the parasite can be found in different parts of world like Africa, Australia, and South America. This infection can occurs in almost any part of the body. Here we present clinical, radiological, histological features and treatment of a multi vesicular osseous hydatid d...

This paper describes a tool for anticipating cultural behavior called, “CulBN.” The tool uses Bayesian belief networks to represent distributions of causal knowledge spread across members of cultural groups. CulBN simulations allow one to anticipate how changes in beliefs affect decisions and actions at the cultural level of analysis. An example case from a study of Afghan decision making is us...