This note reviews the literature on fund performance. A practical way of gauging market efficiency is to attempt to identify above-average risk-adjusted returns from one or more market participants that are the result of skill, as opposed to luck. If any such returns are identified, then the market is not efficient. In practice, such a test is best performed by seeking persistence in the return...

A planning support system for land consolidation has been developed that has, at its heart, an expert system called LandSpaCES (Land Spatial Consolidation Expert System) which contains a “design module” that generates alternative land redistributions under different scenarios and an “evaluation module” which integrates GIS with multi-criteria decision making for assessing these alternatives. Th...

in order to use an islamic financial instrument, this paper intends to measure and evaluate negative and positive deviations from target rate of return in investment opportunity evaluation,that leads to presenting an upside potential- adjusted risk measure. this risk measure named upside potential adjusted risk measure (alpm) is generally applicable and provides assumptions of variance, downsid...

for evaluation the effect of morpho-physiological parameters on yield and yield components of barley genotypes, an experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design in 4 replication in gorgan agriculture science and nature resource field experimental during 2006-2007. the trait was 10 barley genotypes: bomi, torkaman, eize, siah, sahra, 1-yeknavakht, 14g, 11g, 5g and 15g. the resul...

In this paper we propose a financial trading system whose strategy is developed by means of an artificial neural network approach based on a recurrent reinforcement learning algorithm. In general terms, this kind of approach consists in specifying a trading policy based on some predetermined investor’s measure of profitability, and in setting the financial trading system while using it. In part...

In this paper we implement trading strategies for asset price forecasting models using parameterised decision rules. We develop a synthetic trading environment to investigate the relative effects, in terms of profitability, of modifying the forecasting model and the decision rule. We show that implementation of the trading rule can be as important to trading performance as the predictive abilit...

BACKGROUND To test the hypothesis that preserved muscle mass is protective against obesity-associated insulin resistance and metabolic abnormalities, we analyzed the relationship of lean body mass and computed tomography-assessed sectional areas of specific skeletal muscles with insulin resistance and metabolic abnormalities in a healthy cohort. METHODS A total of 195 subjects without diabete...