Mechanical cues such as extracellular matrix stiffness and movement have a major impact on cell differentiation and function. To replicate these biological features in vitro, soft substrata with tunable elasticity and the possibility for controlled surface translocation are desirable. Here we report on the use of ultra-soft (Young's modulus <100 kPa) PDMS-based magnetoactive elastomers (MAE) as...

The 36-kD protein-tyrosine kinase substrate p36 has been variously postulated to be involved in membrane-cytoskeletal interactions, membrane traffic, and the regulation of phospholipase A2, and its phosphorylation may play some role in malignant transformation by avian sarcoma viruses. Because embryonic tissues are resistant to transformation by avian sarcoma viruses, we have examined the expre...

Receptor-mediated endocytosis begins with the binding of ligand to receptors in clathrin-coated pits followed by the budding of the pits away from the membrane. We have successfully reconstituted this sequence in vitro. Highly purified plasma membranes labeled with gold were obtained by incubating cells in the presence of anti-LDL receptor IgG-gold at 4 degrees C, attaching the labeled cells to...

A clonal rat osteogenic sarcoma cell line, UMR 106-06, was used to study the effects of retinole acid (RA) on its growth and morphology. Retinole acid caused a reversible, time and dosedependent inhibition of growth. RA-treated cells were larger, were more adherent to the substratum, and contained fewer mitotic figures. Half-maximal growth inhibition was observed at 10~8 M. Among the naturally ...

A clonal rat osteogenic sarcoma cell line, UMR 106-06, was used to study the effects of retinoic acid (RA) on its growth and morphology. Retinoic acid caused a reversible, time and dose-dependent inhibition of growth. RA-treated cells were larger, were more adherent to the substratum, and contained fewer mitotic figures. Half-maximal growth inhibition was observed at 10(-8) M. Among the natural...

Embryonal chick neural retina cells release into the culture medium a complex of proteins and glycosaminoglycans, termed adherons, that promote cell to substratum adhesion. A monoclonal antibody (C1H3) blocks adheron-mediated cell to substratum adhesion and specifically binds to a 170,000-mol-wt protein present in retinal adherons (Cole, G. J., and L. Glaser, 1984, J. Biol. Chem., 259:4031-4034...

This study aimed to bring the trapezius muscle knowledge of the locations where the accessory nerve branches enter the muscle belly to reach the motor endplates and find myofascial trigger points (MTrPs). Although anatomoclinical correlations represent a major feature of MTrP, no previous reports describing the distribution of the accessory nerve branches and their anatomical relationship with ...