NAD-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) enzymes for ethanol oxidation were investigated by differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS). The broad mass spectra obtained under bioelectrochemical control and with unprecedented accuracy were used to provide new insight into the enzyme kinetics and mechanisms.

Several chromosomes derived from natural populations have been identified that affect the expression of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH). Second chromosomes, which also carry the structural gene Adh, show a great deal of polymorphism of genetic elements that determine how much enzyme protein accumulates. The level of enzyme was measured in third instar larvae, 6-to-8-day-old males and in larval fat ...

The D. melanogaster alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh) gene is transcribed from two tandem promoters that are differentially utilized at various stages during development. To determine the mechanism of promoter selectivity, we have analyzed the activity of the Adh promoters both in vitro and in transfected cells. We found that selective promoter utilization is controlled by distinct initiator elements...

Drosophila of the repleta group have a duplication of the gene which encodes alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH). We report the nucleotide sequence of an 8.4-kb region of genomic DNA of Drosophila hydei which includes the entire Adh region. Analysis of this sequence reveals similarity in organization to the Adh region of Drosophila mojavensis and Drosophila mulleri of the mulleri subgroup, with three g...

Expression of the alcohol dehydrogenase gene (ADH) of Arabidopsis is known to be induced by environmental stresses and regulated developmentally. We used a negative-selection approach to isolate mutants that were defective in regulating the expression of the ADH gene during seed germination; we then characterized three recessive mutants, aar1-1, aar1-2, and aar2-1, which belong to two complemen...

The alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh) region from five planitibia subgroup species of Hawaiian picture-wing Drosophila has been cloned. A total of 15 kb of DNA in and around the Adh gene has been compared among the five species. Genetic distances were calculated to determine evolutionary relationships. These distances agree with previous distances determined by protein polymorphism and DNA hybridizat...

Hepatic microsomal fractions from ADH (alcohol dehydrogenase)-negative deermice incubated with an NADPH-generating system metabolized butanol and ethanol at rates around 10 nmol/min per mg. In contrast, cytosolic catalase from ADH-negative deermouse liver oxidized ethanol, but not butanol, when incubated with an H2O2-generating system. Thus butanol is oxidized by cytochrome P-450 in microsomal ...

Zinc content of testes, bones, esophagus, kidneys, and muscles was decreased, whereas iron content was increased in the testes of zinc-deficient rats compared to restrictedly fed control rats. Histochemical enzyme determinations revealed reduced activities of certain enzymes in the testes, bones, esophagus, and kidneys. In the testes, lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), malic dehydrogenase (MDH), alcoh...

An antifungal protein isolated from Escherichia coli BL21 (PPEBL21) and predicted to be alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) was subjected to biological characterization. The PPEBL21, indeed, demonstrated propionaldehyde-specific ADH activity. The Km and Vmax of PPEBL21 were found to be 644.8 muM and 1.2 U/mg, respectively. In-gel activity assay also showed that PPEBL21 was a propionaldehyde-specific AD...

Two alcohol dehydrogenase isozymes, namely ADH-1 and ADH-2 from Ceratitis capitata were purified to homogeneity and further characterized. After ammonium sulphate precipitation from an extract of whole third instar larvae, the two isozymes were separated by ion exchange chromatography on Q-Sepharose. A combination of affinity chromatography, gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography was th...