Making use of the primordially isocurvature fluctuations, which are generated in inflationary models with multiple scalar fields, we make a phenomenological model that predicts formation of primordial black holes which can account for the massive compact halo objects recently observed. In inflationary universe models [1] with multiple scalar fields, not only adiabatic [2] but also primordially ...

Interstitial water, faunal samples, and hydrogeological data were collected beneath a riffle on the Speed River, southern Ontario, Canada. The purpose was to identify the location and seasonal fluctuation of the hyporheic/groundwater interface and to examine several aspects of water mass chemical signatures and the dynamics of the interstitial fauna. Concentration discontinuities in several wat...

In this study, balanced and single ended class-E power amplifiers (PAs) were designed and realized for 3.5–3.8GHz band by using Gallium Nitride high electron mobility transistor (GaN HEMT). Realizations were made on low loss Rogers RT5880 dielectric material which has 0.254mm thickness and 2.2 dielectric constant. Proposed balanced class-E PA has approximately 20W (43 dBm) output power with 80%...