BACKGROUND It is well know that arterial stiffness, oxidative stress and inflammation are features of chronic kidney disease. The arterial changes have a multitude of potential interconnected causes including endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, inflammation, atherosclerosis and vascular calcification. There is evidence that arterial stiffness becomes progressively worse as CKD progresses...

Some herbal medications induce acute kidney injury. The acute kidney injuries caused by herbal medications are mild and commonly treated by palliative care. A 51-years-old man who drank the juice squeezed from the raw tubers of Dioscorea quinqueloba (D. quinqueloba) was admitted with nausea, vomiting and chilling. He developed a seizure with decreased level of consciousness. He was diagnosed wi...

BACKGROUND/AIMS The present study aimed to determine the role of cystatin C as a prognostic factor for acute kidney injury and survival in cirrhotic patients. METHODS The study investigated 53 liver cirrhosis patients. The renal function was evaluated by serum creatinine, serum and urine cystatin C, and 24-hour creatinine clearance on admission. Acute kidney injury was defined as a serum crea...

The kidney is a common "victim organ" of various insults in critically ill patients. Sepsis and septic shock are the dominant causes of acute kidney injury, accounting for nearly 50 % of episodes of acute renal failure. Despite our substantial progress in the understanding of mechanisms involved in septic acute kidney injury there is still a huge pool of questions preclusive of the development ...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the relation between the need for red blood cell transfusion and serum levels of soluble-Fas, erythropoietin and inflammatory cytokines in critically ill patients with and without acute kidney injury. METHODS We studied critically ill patients with acute kidney injury (n=30) and without acute kidney injury (n=13), end-stage renal disease patients on hemodialysis (n=25...

UNLABELLED Acute kidney injury (AKI) is an important issue in the management of acute cardiovascular diseases. The risk, injury, failure, loss of kidney function, and end-stage renal failure (RIFLE) criteria, and acute kidney injury network (AKIN) criteria have been proposed to stage and predict the outcomes of patients with AKI. In this article, we review AKI in the context of a variety of acu...

Objective: To evaluate a mathematical model to study the dynamics of renal failure in patients with acute kidney injury. Methods: A mathematical model was applied to simulate the “dynamic path of renal lesion” in patients with acute kidney injury. results: The dynamics of glomerular filtration rate was simulated with the real data of a patient attended at the Intensive Care Unit. conclusions: T...

Bax and Bak, two pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins, have been implicated in acute kidney injury following renal ischemia/reperfusion; however, definitive evidence for a role of these genes in the disease process is lacking. Here we first examined two Bax-deficient mouse models and found that only conditional Bax deletion specifically from proximal tubules could ameliorate ischemic acute kidne...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The worldwide incidence of acute kidney injury is poorly known because of underreporting, regional disparities, and differences in definition and case mix. New definitions call for revision of the problem with unified criteria. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS This article reports on the research recommendations of an international multidisciplinary comm...