Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) applied over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) has been shown to reduce cravings in tobacco addiction; however, results have been somewhat mixed. In this study, we hypothesized that motivation to quit smoking is a critical factor of tDCS effects in smokers. Therefore, we conducted a double-blind, randomized clinical trial to evaluate the e...

This chapter discusses guidelines and models of Mind from Cognitive Sciences in order to generate an integrated architecture for an artificial mind that allows various behavior aspects to be simulated in a coherent and harmonious way, showing believability and computational processing viability. Motivations are considered the quantitative, driving forces of the action selection mechanism that g...

Members of Virtual Voluntary Teams engage in massive virtual collaborations (MVC), in which large numbers of mostly unpaid contributors collectively collaborate to create new content. Motivation for such contributions has been an active area of research. We argue that what was previously considered a single, static and individual phenomenon, namely motivation for contribution to MVC, is in fact...

AbstractMastering vocabulary is very important for EFL students. The purposes of this comparative study are to 1) determine the level students’motivation in mastery, 2) find out interaction between use applications(flashcard and scrabble) students’ motivation. This quantitative was conducted at SMA Negeri 1 Jelimpo from 21st - 28th January 2018. population tenth graders involving students class...

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects an autonomy-supportive classroom climate on intrinsic motivation in mixed-grade classes. A total 398 children (eight twelve years old) a Japanese elementary school participated questionnaire with two measurement occasions. Path analysis revealed that perceived related active participation structure, which, turn, motivation. were mediated by s...

In the setting of active learning, the data comes unlabeled and querying the label of a data point is expensive. The goal of an active learner is to reduce the number of labels needed and output a hypothesis with error rate ≤ . Recall that the usual sample complexity of supervised learning is Ω(1/ ). The motivation for defining splitting index is to characterize the sample complexity of active ...

In this chapter you will be focusing on personality and its influence on a healthy, balanced lifestyle. By the end of this chapter you should have knowledge and understanding of: • personality and its importance in producing effective performance and in following a balanced, active and healthy lifestyle • attitudes and their influence on performance and lifestyle • achievement motivation and it...

In this chapter you will be focusing on personality and its influence on a healthy, balanced lifestyle. By the end of this chapter you should have knowledge and understanding of: • personality and its importance in producing effective performance and in following a balanced, active and healthy lifestyle • attitudes and their influence on performance and lifestyle • achievement motivation and it...

This study examined the influence of treatment motivation on posttreatment effectiveness of an outpatient, individual social skills training for juvenile delinquents imposed as a penal sanction. Propensity score matching was used to match a control group of juveniles receiving treatment as usual ( n = 108 of total N = 354) to a treatment group of juveniles receiving Tools4U, a social skills tra...

Framed within Self-Determination Theory, the purpose of the present study was to test the effects of a training program with physical education (PE) teachers. Participants were 21 high school PE teachers (experimental group, n = 10; control group, n = 11), and their 836 students, aged 12 to 16 years. Teachers in the experimental group received a training program consisting of strategies to supp...