We sought to determine whether glutamate acting at both N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) and non-NMDA receptors transmits area postrema (AP) excitatory inputs to nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS) neurons in the aortic baroreceptor or vagal afferent pathways in vivo. In α-chloralose-anesthetized rabbits, we recorded extracellular NTS neuronal responses to low-frequency aortic depressor nerve (ADN), vag...

BACKGROUND The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders [DSM-IV-TR; American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2000) has emphasized the importance of understanding psychopathology within a cultural framework by including culture-bound syndromes within its appendices. These syndromes are proposed to be bound to certain cultures and distinct from other psychological disorders. Included ...

The recent increase of distributed generation has forced many distribution network operators to develop distribution automation and active network management. Many active distribution network management functions need accurate real-time estimates of the network state. In this paper, a distribution network state estimation algorithm is developed and used in conjunction with coordinated voltage c...

abstract background: the pressure of consumption spots in eater supply systems is one of the most important hydraulic parameters can be used in optimized management of water distribution networks. since the pressure has some different effects on various parameters of the network management including its hydraulic functions, reliability, stability and leakage, its control is of great importance ...

The present study investigated morpho-functional relations of the aortic depressor nerve (ADN) 5, 15 and 120 days after the onset of streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats. Time control animals received vehicle. Under pentobarbital anesthesia, ADN activity was recorded simultaneously with arterial pressure. After the recordings, nerves were prepared for light microscopy study and morphometry. ...

Speeding up of mobile internet bit-rate, rapid deploying of fiber accesses, and digitalization of terrestrial TV Broadcasting, by those, broadband-ubiquitous communication environment for d-Commerce (digital commerce) is coming mature very quickly. With this and advanced network function make everyone a broadcaster, namely, "Personal Broadcast". Moreover, metadata is now playing a key role in e...

We estimate in this paper the errors in the zenith angle distribution for the charged current events of the solar neutrinos caused by the uncertainty of the earth electron density. In the model of PREM with a 5% uncertainty in the earth electron density we numerically calculate the corrections to the correlation between [N ]5/[N ]2 and [N ]2/[N ]3, and find the errors notable. Forthcoming resul...