Cloud condensation nucleus (CCN) experiments were carried out for malonic acid, succinic acid, oxalacetic acid, DL-malic acid, glutaric acid, DL-glutamic acid monohydrate, and adipic acid, using both water and methanol as atomization solvents, at three operating supersaturations (0.11%, 0.21%, and 0.32%) in the Caltech three-column CCN 5 instrument (CCNC3). Predictions of CCN behavior for five ...

Collision cross section measurements and molecular modeling calculations have been combined to extract average volumes of amino acid residues in gas-phase peptide ions. The approach uses cross sections for a series of 103 lysine-terminated peptide ions having the general form [XxxnLys+H] (where Xxx is any amino acid except Lys, Arg, His, and Cys, and n ) 4 to 8). The results show that average v...

Compressibility factor and viscosity of natural gasses are of great importance in petroleum and chemical engineering. To calculate the natural gas properties in the pipelines, storage systems and reservoirs, the exact values of gas compressibility factor and viscosity are required. A new method that allows accurate determination of compressibility factor and gas viscosity for all types of: swee...

Group A Streptococcus (GAS) is a major cause of both mucosal and invasive human infections. Epithelial and leukocyte production of cationic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) is an important aspect of mammalian innate immune defense against bacterial infection. In this study, we identify a specific GAS phenotype that confers resistance to host AMPs. Inactivation of the dltA gene in an invasive serot...

The effect of smoking is in our days a serious global public health problem of major concern. Incidence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in cigarette smokers is four to seven times higher than in nonsmokers. There is a constant and direct attack of various cigarette smoke constituents on the oral epithelial cells, which gradually accumulate and cause malignant transformation. Saliva is the...

Natural gas usually contains significant amounts of acid gases when it is extracted from underground reservoirs. Therefore, it must be treated by appropriate processes to remove these acidic components. In this study, the simultaneous absorption of carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide from natural gas into diethanol amine solution was simulated using CFD. Absorption process was performed in a we...

Amino acids in biological fluids can be rapidly and accurately quantitated by gas chromatography. Modification of existing gas-chromatographic techniques allow as little as 25 tl of biological fluids to be analyzed, compatible with sample sizes easily obtained in pediatric studies. Simplified diagnostic biochemical evaluation of a suspected aminoaciduria can be begun at birth, or shortly after....

Gibberellins (GAs) are a group of diterpene-type plant hormones biosynthesized from ent-kaurene via ent-kaurenoic acid. GAs are ubiquitously present in seed plants. The GA signal is perceived and transduced by the GID1 GA receptor/DELLA repressor pathway. The lycopod Selaginella moellendorffii biosynthesizes GA and has functional GID1-DELLA signaling components. In contrast, no GAs or functiona...

Abstmct The development of a miniaturized ammonia sensor is described. First, gas is sampled into an acid sample solution using a miniaturized gas sampler. Subsequently, the solution is pumped into a selector, comprising two channels separated by a gas permeable, water repellent polypropylene membrane, while adding an alkaline solution to dissociate all acid gasses and neutralize the alkaline g...

8 9 1. Detailed experimental procedures for OH determination: 10 In this study, the measurements of salicylic acid degradation were both separately done 11 from the DHAA degradation experiments and concurrently with the DHAA measurements. 12 The OH concentration were calculated through the determination of the products of salicylic 13 acid-OH reaction (2,3-dihydroxybenzonic acid and 2,5-dihydro...