generally, fruit trees should produce sufficient yield annually through their economic life. fruit trees usually produce flowers over their ability of productivity. if all of the flowers are converted to fruit, the tree will be weak and poor smaller fruit will be produced and it may cause alternate bearing. thus some flowers must be removed by hand, mechanically or chemically. in this study, th...

The novel benzoyl coenzyme A (benzoyl-CoA) biosynthesis pathway in "Streptomyces maritimus" was investigated through a series of target-directed mutations. Genes involved in benzoyl-CoA formation were disrupted through single-crossover homologous recombination, and the resulting mutants were analyzed for their ability to biosynthesize the benzoyl-CoA-primed polyketide antibiotic enterocin. Inac...

background and objectives: zinc oxide (zno) nano-particles have been proven to have strong antibacterial activity against food borne pathogens. the practical applications of different concentrations (control, 0, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 mm) of zno suspensions containing 1% acetic acid were investigated against the pathogenic bacteria like staphylococcus aureus. materials and methods: the projects of la...

Chitosan was modified by coupling with linoleic acid through the 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide-mediated reaction to increase its amphipathicity for improved emulsification. The micelle formation of linoleic acid-modified chitosan in the 0.1 M acetic acid solution was enhanced by O/W emulsification with methylene chloride, an oil phase. The fluorescence spectra indicate that with...

Fish is one of the main transmission routes Aeromonas (A.) hydrophila, an emerging pathogen that threatens public health due to its high antibiotic resistance. This study aimed control growth A. hydrophila in cold-stored Bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix) using natural, consumer-friendly practices. Samples were inoculated with A.hydrophila, dipped or sprayed acetic acid, citric ascorbic sodium lact...

As, in the market, poly (lactic acid) (PLA) is the most used polymer as an alternative to conventional plastics, and as functionalized chitin nanocrystals (CHNC) can provide structural and bioactive properties, their combination sounds promising in the preparation of functional nanocomposite films for sustainable packaging. Chitin nanocrystals were successfully modified via acylation using anhy...

Dinuclear iron peroxido complexes are important intermediates for selective oxidation reactions. A detailed kinetic study of the reaction benzoyl chloride (BzCl) with a dinuclear non-heme cis end-on complex ligand EtHPTB (N,N,N′,N′-tetrakis[(N-ethyl-2-benzimidazolyl)methyl]-2-hydroxy-1,3-diamino-propane) had been performed. The starting complex, can be obtained either by iron(II) O2 or instead,...

Low-acid hydrothermal (LAH) fractionation conditions were optimized for the effective degradation of hemicellulose from pine wood (Pinus densiflora). The hemicellulosic sugar yield was maximized at 82.5% when fractionated 190 °C, with 0.5 wt.% sulfuric acid, and 10 min. Consecutively, acidified heat treatment zinc chloride solvent extraction ethyl acetate carried out recovery bio-based platform...

Five new spiro[indoline-3,3′-indolizine]s have been synthesized with high regio- and stereospecificity in one-pot three-component reactions between a substituted indole-2,3-dione, ( S )-pipecolic acid trans -3-benzoylacrylic acid, subsequently characterized using combination of elemental analysis, IR 1 H 13 C NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry crystal structure analysis. (1′ SR ,2′ ,3 RS ,8a′ ...