To examine the causes of landscape variation in forest community composition, we have quantified sapling mortality as a function of growth and soil moisture for seven dominant species in transition oak-northern hardwood forests of the northeastern USA. We located saplings in sites that encompassed a wide range of variation in soil moisture and light availability. In mesic conditions, the probab...

The northern hemisphere tree genus Acer comprises 124 species, most of them monoecious, but 13 dioecious. The monoecious species flower dichogamously, duodichogamously (male, female, male), or in some species heterodichogamously (two morphs that each produce male and female flowers but at reciprocal times). Dioecious species cannot engage in these temporal strategies. Using a phylogeny for 66 s...

Abstract This study shows a taxonomic treatment for all species of Bignonieae from the state Pernambuco (Brazil). Through extensive herbarium and field work, we documented 42 13 genera Pernambuco, which six represent new records (i.e., Adenocalymma coriaceum, Anemopaegma gracile, velutinum, Bignonia sciuripabulum, Callichlamys latifolia Fridericia cuneifolia). In addition, citrinum was first ti...

We quantified the damage caused by a major ice storm to individual trees in two 1-ha permanent plots located at Mont St. Hilaire in southwestern Québec, Canada. The storm, which occurred in January 1998, is the worst on record in eastern North America; glaze ice on the order of 80-100 mm accumulated at our study site. All but 3% of the trees (DBH > or = 10 cm) lost at least some crown branches,...

Background: Cerebrovascular disorders are the second most common cause of cognitive decline. Aerobic exercises have been proved to improve cognitive functions through producing vascular changes. Objective: To assess and explain from physiological point of view the efficacy of aerobic exercise on cognitive changes of stroke patients. Methods: Thirty Egyptian patients with stroke in territory of ...

We investigated which parameters required by the MAESTRA model were most important in predicting leaf-area-based transpiration in 5-year-old trees of five deciduous hardwood species-yoshino cherry (Prunus x yedoensis Matsum.), red maple (Acer rubrum L. 'Autumn Flame'), trident maple (Acer buergeranum Miq.), Japanese flowering cherry (Prunus serrulata Lindl. 'Kwanzan') and London plane-tree (Pla...