Community mining is applied in order to identify groups of users which share, e.g., common interests or expertise. This paper presents an approach for mining descriptive patterns in order to characterize communities in terms of their distinctive features: For an efficient discovery approach, we introduce optimistic estimates for obtaining an upper bound for the community quality. We present an ...

In this paper, it is assumed that the “Decision Making Units“( ) are consist of positive and negative input and output. Firstly, the optimistic and pessimistic models have been suggested by using negative data and then units with most productive scale size are measured in optimistic and pessimistic models. These productive values are compared with double frontiers and Hurwicz’s Criterion to obt...

Optimistic synchronization is a method of synchronizing parallel and distributed computations without the use of blocking. When non-optimistic systems would block, optimistic synchronization mechanisms permit operations to go ahead. If such optimism causes improper synchronization, the mis-synchronized work is undone and the entire system restored to a consistent state. This paper discusses the...

Comparing the 2021 Rule of Law Index, Legatum Prosperity Education Rankings by Country, Times Higher Education, QS World University has demonstrated that there is a clear correlation between adherence to rule law in state and legal culture, education academic integrity. It proved higher level law, culture and, accordingly, quality observance integrity.
 The issues integrity are each countr...