A number of authors have noted that if we have degrees of truth, then we should have corresponding degrees of belief—but that these degrees of belief do not behave like subjective probabilities. So should we countenance two different kinds of degree of belief? I argue that we cannot coherently do so, and present instead a formal framework in which there is a single notion of degree of belief, w...

We assessed the attributional style of psychoanalysts, behavior therapists, and nontherapists by using a mail survey. Respondents listed causal explanations for three hypothetical problems experienced by either themselves, their friends, or their clients. Results indicated that (a) psychoanalysts gave more dispositional explanations than situational explanations, whereas the reverse was true fo...

In this paper I recall the reasons in favour of extending the classical conception of truth to include degrees of truth as well as truth value gaps and gluts, then provide a sketch of a new system of logic that provides all of these simultaneously. Despite its power, the resulting system is quite simple, combining degrees of truth and degrees of falsity to provide a very flexible and elegant co...

A major focus of research in computability theory in recent years has involved definability issues in degree structures. There has been much success in getting general results by coding methods that translate first or second order arithmetic into the structures. In this paper we concentrate on the issues of getting definitions of interesting, apparently external, relations on degrees that are o...

We introduce the notion of a degree spectrum of a complete theory to be the set of Turing degrees that contain a copy of some model of the theory. We generate examples showing that not all degree spectra of theories are degree spectra of structures and vice-versa. To this end, we give a new necessary condition on the degree spectrum of a structure, specifically showing that the set of PA degree...

We present statistical evidence and dynamical models for the management of conflict and a division of labor (task specialization) in a primate society. Two broad intervention strategy classes are observed--a dyadic strategy--pacifying interventions, and a triadic strategy--policing interventions. These strategies, their respective degrees of specialization, and their consequences for conflict d...

With increasing recognition of the roles RNA molecules and RNA/protein complexes play in an unexpected variety of biological processes, understanding of RNA structure-function relationships is of high current importance. To make clean biological interpretations from three-dimensional structures, it is imperative to have high-quality, accurate RNA crystal structures available, and the community ...

Presenting a research report is an important way of demonstrating one's ability to conduct research and is a requirement of most research-based degrees. Although known by various names across academic institutions, the structure required is mostly very similar, being based on the Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion format of scientific articles.This article offers some guidance on the pr...

We prove that the cototal enumeration degrees are exactly the enumeration degrees of sets with good approximations, as introduced by Lachlan and Shore [17]. Good approximations have been used as a tool to prove density results in the enumerations degrees, and indeed, we prove that the cototal enumerations degrees are dense.

Emergent content-oriented networks prompt Internet service providers (ISPs) to evolve and take major responsibility for content delivery. Numerous content items and varying content popularities motivate interdependence between peering ISPs to elaborate their content caching and sharing strategies. In this paper, we propose the concept of peering for content exchange between interdependent ISPs ...