Abstra t. We onsider fun tions f : R n ! R n whi h are additively homogeneous and monotone in the produ t ordering on R n (topi al fun tions). We show that if some non-empty sub-eigenspa e of f is bounded in the Hilbert semi-norm then f has an additive eigenve tor and we give a Collatz-Wielandt hara terisation of the orresponding eigenvalue. The boundedness ondition is satis ed if a ertain dire...

Thomas Zaslavsky Binghamton University Binghamton, New York, U.S.A. 13902-6000 September 1991 Revised July 1996 Abstra t We hara terize the edge-signed graphs in whi h every \signi ant" positive losed walk (or ombination of walks) has even length, under seven di erent riteria for signi an e, and also those edge-signed graphs whose double overing graph is bipartite. If the property of even lengt...

BACKGROUND The effect of raloxifene, a selective estrogen-receptor modulator, on coronary heart disease (CHD) and breast cancer is not established. METHODS We randomly assigned 10,101 postmenopausal women (mean age, 67.5 years) with CHD or multiple risk factors for CHD to 60 mg of raloxifene daily or placebo and followed them for a median of 5.6 years. The two primary outcomes were coronary e...

Background: ASGE predictive model for the detection of choledocholithiasis is a reasonable approach for the management of patients with cholelithiasis. Surgeons do not pursue cholecystectomy without evaluation of the biliary system when laboratory tests and diagnostic imaging evidence show biliary duct involvement. Literature revisions reveal that the prediction of choledocholithiasis based on ...

Background and Purpose—The goal of this study was to examine the influence of preexisting symptomatic atherosclerotic disease on subsequent ischemic event rates and compare the efficacy of clopidogrel versus aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid, ASA) in patients with such disease. Methods—Using the CAPRIE database, we performed multivariate analyses for patients who had symptomatic atherosclerotic dis...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The goal of this study was to examine the influence of preexisting symptomatic atherosclerotic disease on subsequent ischemic event rates and compare the efficacy of clopidogrel versus aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid, ASA) in patients with such disease. METHODS Using the CAPRIE database, we performed multivariate analyses for patients who had symptomatic atherosclerotic d...

Before we are able to communicate evidence and evidence results to patients we must first be familiar with the common ways by which results may be presented to our patients. We describe five approaches (relative risk, risk reduction, odds ratio, absolute risk difference and number needed to treat) of transforming the results of an orthopaedic study for communication with patients.

Before we are able to communicate evidence and evidence results to patients we must first be familiar with the common ways by which results may be presented to our patients. We describe five approaches (relative risk, risk reduction, odds ratio, absolute risk difference and number needed to treat) of transforming the results of an orthopaedic study for communication with patients.

This paper is intended as a literature retrieval. In the first part we introduce Kelly criterion and show some of its basic properties. Then we define general HARA (Hyperbolic Absolute Risk Aversion) utility function and investment consumption problem. By stochastic optimal control we demonstrate solution to this problem for special class of HARA utility and show basic model with proportional t...