D-glucose induces a rise in pancreatic islet p-cell component of the p-cell fuel sensor apparatus; and 5) cytosolic [C~Z+] by processes requiring both glucose arachidonate 12-LO metabolites are potential metabolism and Ca2+ entry from the extracellular candidates as adjunctive modulators of p-cell space, and this Ca2+ signal is thought to be critical to K+-channel activity. Diabetes 42:367-74, ...

an essential requirement for an operating pem fuel cell is providing proper water content in the membrane. to avoid water flooding an appropriate water balance is required. here, an analytic model of a planar membrane humidifier for pem fuel cell is proposed where the effect of dimensional parameters includes membrane thickness, membrane area and channel hydraulic diameter are investigated. a n...

the microphase separation of hydrated perfluorinated sulfonic acid membrane nafion was investigated using dissipative particle dynamics (dpd). the nafion as a polymer was modelled by connecting coarse grained beads which corresponds to the hydrophobic backbone of polytetrafluoroethylene and perfluorinated side chains terminated by hydrophilic end particles of sulfonic acid groups [1, 2]. each f...

in the near future the use of distributed generation systems will play a big role in the production ofelectrical energy. one of the most common types of dg technologies , fuel cells , which can be connectedto the national grid by power electronic converters or work alone studies the dynamic behavior andstability of the power grid is of crucial importance. these studies need to know the exact mo...

a two-dimensional cfd model of a planar solid oxide fuel cell (sofc) has been developed.this model can predict the performance of sofc at various operating and design conditions.the effect of knudsen diffusion is accounted in the porous electrode (backing) and reaction zonelayers. the mathematical model solves conservation of electrons and ions and conservation ofspecies. the model is formulate...

we investigated the effects of 25 mg-porphyrin-fullerene nanoparticles, ( 25 mgpmc16) smart ferroporphyrin nanoparticles, on pc12 cells exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion. in order to explore its effect on cells under oxygen-glucose deprivation conditions, the cultures were pretreated with 25 mgpmc16 24 hours prior to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion. to initiate the oxygen...

Neoplasms are highly dependent on glucose as their substrate for energy production and are generally not able to catabolize other fuel sources such as ketones and fatty acids. Thus, removing access to glucose has the potential to starve cancer cells and induce apoptosis. Unfortunately, other body tissues are also dependent on glucose for energy under normal conditions. However, in human starvat...

Fuel cell-based hybrid cycles that include conventional power generators have been created to modify energy performance and output power. In the present paper, integrated biomass gasification (IBG)-molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC)-gas turbine (GT) and steam turbine (ST) combined power cycle is introduced as an innovative technique in terms of sustainable energy. In addition, biomass gasificati...

We hypothesize that the energy strategy of a cell is a key factor for determining how, or if, the immune system interacts with that cell. Cells have a limited number of metabolic states, in part, depending on the type of fuels the cell consumes. Cellular fuels include glucose (carbohydrates), lipids (fats), and proteins. We propose that the cell's ability to switch to, and efficiently use, fat ...