Conservative treatment of atlantoaxial subluxation (AAS) has tended to be rather passive, since there has been a lack of effective tools. The stabilizing effect of a stiff collar in the treatment of AAS was evaluated. Fifty successive rheumatoid patients with unstable AAS were interviewed and examined clinically. Lateral view radiographs of the cervical spine were taken in neutral position, dur...

For the last decade, we have witnessed dramatic changes in both diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of acute aortic syndrome (AAS). With recent advances of various noninvasive aortic pathology imaging modalities, aortic intramural hematoma (AIH), a variant form of classic aortic dissection (AD), has emerged as an increasingly recognized and potentially fatal AAS entity. As the natural course of ...

OBJECTIVE This manuscript summarizes the best available scholarly evidence related to anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) as a reference for health care professionals, including athletic trainers, educators, and interested others. BACKGROUND Health care professionals associated with sports or exercise should understand and be prepared to educate others about AAS. These synthetic, testosterone-...

Conventional concrete production that uses ordinary Portland cement (OPC) as a binder seems unsustainable due to its high energy consumption, natural resource exhaustion and huge carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions. To transform the conventional process of concrete production to a more sustainable process, the replacement of high energy-consumptive PC with new binders such as fly ash and alkali-acti...

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons are the central regulators of reproduction. GABAergic transmission plays a critical role in pubertal activation of pulsatile GnRH secretion. Self-administration of excessive doses of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) disrupts reproductive function and may have critical repercussions for pubertal onset in adolescent users. Here, we demonstrate that ...

Haloacetamides (HAcAms), an emerging class of nitrogenous disinfection by-products (N-DBPs) of health concern, have been frequently identified in drinking waters. It has long been appreciated that free amino acids (AAs), accounting for a small fraction of the dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) pool, can form dichloroacetamide (DCAcAm) during chlorination. However, the information regarding the im...

The use of anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) among athletes is not new, nor is concern about their potential cardiac effects, but it has been difficult to definitively document deleterious cardiovascular effects from these drugs. There are case reports of unexpected myocardial infarctions1 and even sudden cardiac death2 in AAS users, but such reports are relatively rare given the reported wide...

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in colorectal cancer (CRC) identified five regions near transforming growth factor β-related genes BMP4, GREM1, CDH1, SMAD7 and RPHN2. The true risk alleles remain to be identified in these regions, and their role in CRC risk in non-European populations has been understudied. Our previous work noted significant genetic heterogeneity between African America...

Improving our understanding of cloud chemistry depends on achieving better chemical characterization (90% of the organic carbon [OC] fraction remains uncharacterized) and, consequently, assessing the reactivity of this complex system. In this manuscript, we report for the first time the concentrations of 16 amino acids (AAs) in 25 cloud water samples. The concentrations of individual AAs ranged...

BACKGROUND Albuminuria and reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR) are markers of renal dysfunction associated with hypertension. We performed genome-wide scans to detect loci impacting these parameters in 1251 African American (AAs) and 1129 European American (EAs) hypertensive siblings from the Hypertension Genetic Epidemiology Network study. METHODS GFR, estimated by the Modification of D...