WT1, a critical regulator of kidney development, is a tumor suppressor for nephroblastoma but in some contexts functions as an oncogene. A limited number of direct transcriptional targets of WT1 have been identified to explain its complex roles in tumorigenesis and organogenesis. In this study we performed genome-wide screening for direct WT1 targets, using a combination of ChIP-ChIP and expres...

In mammalian developing brain, neuronal migration is regulated by a variety of signaling cascades, including Reelin signaling. Reelin is a glycoprotein that is mainly secreted by Cajal-Retzius neurons in the marginal zone, playing essential roles in the formation of the layered neocortex via its receptors, apolipoprotein E receptor 2 (ApoER2) and very low density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR). H...

KRAS is one of the most mutated genes in human cancer. It is controlled by a G4 motif located upstream of the transcription start site. In this paper, we demonstrate that 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG), being more abundant in G4 than in non-G4 regions, is a new player in the regulation of this oncogene. We designed oligonucleotides mimicking the KRAS G4-motif and found that 8-oxoG impacts folding and st...

RATIONALE Integrins cooperate with growth factor receptors to promote downstream signaling for cell proliferation and migration. However, the mechanism of receptor activation is still unknown. OBJECTIVE To analyze the mechanism of phosphorylation of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)-3 by cell adhesion. METHODS AND RESULTS We show that VEGFR-3 phosphorylation, induced b...

Function of non-B DNA structures are poorly understood though several bioinformatics studies predict role of the G-quadruplex DNA structure in transcription. Earlier, using transcriptome profiling we found evidence of widespread G-quadruplex-mediated gene regulation. Herein, we asked whether potential G-quadruplex (PG4) motifs associate with transcription factors (TF). This was analyzed using 2...

The nail provides a functional protection to the fingertips and surrounding tissue from external injuries. The nail plate consists of three layers including dorsal, intermediate, and ventral layers. The dorsal layer consists of compact, hard keratins, limiting topical drug delivery through the nail. In this study, we investigate the application of fractional CO₂ laser that produces arrays of mi...

Cerebral cortical neurons are known to be produced from both apical progenitors in the ventricular zone (VZ) and basal (intermediate) progenitors in the subventricular zone (SVZ). On the other hand, we have shown that many SVZ cells assume multipolar morphology and show a characteristic movement termed "multipolar migration." The relationship between multipolar cells and basal progenitors in th...

Abstract Die Methan in Methanol (MtM) Umwandlung über den Sauerstoff‐Looping‐Ansatz unter Verwendung von kupferausgetauschten Zeolithen wurde letzten zehn Jahren eingehend untersucht. Während sich ein Großteil der Forschung auf die Maximierung Ausbeute und Selektivität konzentrierte, Produktivität weniger Aufmerksamkeit geschenkt ‐ einer Kennzahl, für Bewertung des industriellen Potenzials viel...