Experiments using electrical stimulation of different groups of muscle afferent nerve fibres have shown that most of the known medullated fibres in muscle nerves are involved in reflexly stimulatihg ventilation (Bessou et al. 1959, Koizumi et al. 1961, Senapati 1966). Investigations using natural stimulation of muscle receptors and pmsive limb movements (Kao et al. 1963, Senapati 1966, Kalia et...

An acute acoustic trauma (AAT) results when the unprotected ear is exposed to very high sound pressure levels, usually as the result of an industrial or milita~ accident. A study was performed to evaluate the effects of a corticosteroid (dexamethasone) on the hearing loss from a series of blast waves that would simulate an AAT. Groups of chinchillas were exposed individually to ten 160-dB peak ...

BACKGROUND This study was conducted to elucidate if nitric oxide is released by the porcine jejunal mucosa upon selective stimulation of AT2 receptors and the possible involvement of iNOS, and to investigate the presence of jejunal AT1 and AT2 receptors. Young landrace pigs were anaesthetized with ketamine and alpha-chloralose. Jejunal luminal NO output was assessed by intraluminal tonometry an...

In this paper, the contamination level of fourteen elements (Al, Ca, Mg, V, Ti, Na, Mn, As, Br, La, Sm, Sc, U, Yb) from different soil samples of the nuclear reactor surrounding areas in Savar, Bangladesh was investigated with instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) method. Generally, neutron activation is most reliable tool for determining the concentration of the trace elements and he...

Atorvastatin has been reported to ameliorate ischemic brain damage after stroke, but the underlying mechanisms are not clear. This study investigated the effect of atorvastatin on dynamic expressions of MMP9 and TIMP1 in rats after cerebral ischemia reperfusion (I/R). Atorvastatin (5 mgkg(-1)d(-1)) or vehicle was administered orally to rats for 21d before middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo)...

Increased environmental pollution has necessitated the need for eco-friendly clean-up strategies. Filamentous fungal species from gold and gemstone mine site soils were isolated, identified and assessed for their tolerance to varied heavy metal concentrations of cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), arsenic (As) and iron (Fe). The identities of the fungal strains were determined based on the in...

Black ginseng (BG) has been widely used as herbal treatment for improving physiological function. In order to investigate the neuroprotective action of this herbal medicine, we examined the influence of BG on the learning and memory of rats using the Morris water maze, and we studied the effects of BG on the central cholinergic system and neural nitric oxide synthesis in the hippocampus of rats...

Rice (Oryza sativa) is an important source of human internal exposure to radionuclides and heavy metals because, worldwide, a large fraction the population consume rice as their daily basic diet. In this study, levels correlation natural radioactivity (232Th, 226Ra 40K) (Pb, Ni Cd) in local sold Enugu urban markets, southeastern part Nigeria, were examined. Possible health implications also eva...