Endoglucanase E1 from Acidothermus cellulolyticus was expressed cytosolically under control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter in transgenic duckweed, Lemna minor 8627 without any obvious observable phenotypic effects on morphology or rate of growth. The recombinant enzyme co-migrated with the purified catalytic domain fraction of the native E1 protein on western blot analysis, reveal...

KCNE1 (E1) β-subunits assemble with KCNQ1 (Q1) voltage-gated K(+) channel α-subunits to form IKslow (IKs) channels in the heart and ear. The number of E1 subunits in IKs channels has been an issue of ongoing debate. Here, we use single-molecule spectroscopy to demonstrate that surface IKs channels with human subunits contain two E1 and four Q1 subunits. This stoichiometry does not vary. Thus, I...

Pseudoexons occur frequently in the human genome. This paper characterizes a pseudoexon in the GH receptor gene. Inappropriate activation of this pseudoexon causes Laron syndrome. Using in vitro splicing assays, pseudoexon silencing was shown to require a combination of a weak 5' pseudosplice-site and splicing silencing elements within the pseudoexon. Immunoprecipitation experiments showed that...

OBJECTIVE Determination of estrone (E1) levels has a significant meaning in evaluating physiological effect and diagnosing some diseases. In order to detect free E1 in biological fluids, a monoclonal antibody specific for E1 was prepared after the complete antigen of E1 was synthesized. The purified monoclonal antibody was fully characterized for later immunoassay. METHODS 3-O-carboxymethyl e...

The pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1) and acetyltransferase (E2) components of pig heart and ox kidney pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex were separated and purified. The E1 component was phosphorylated (alpha-chain) and inactivated by MgATP. Phosphorylation was mainly confined to site 1. Addition of E2 accelerated phosphorylation of all three sites in E1 alpha and inactivation of E1. On the basis ...

Cyclin E1 regulates the initiation of the S phase program in the mammalian cell division cycle. In normal cells, cyclin E1 protein expression is tightly controlled through a combination of transcriptional and proteolytic regulatory processes. However, in many types of human tumor, cyclin E1 expression is frequently dysregulated, including overexpression, nonperiodic expression relative to cell ...

Treatment of cultured normal rat kidney cells with virazole or mycophenolic acid which are inhibitors of IMP dehydrogenase decreases by 50 to 70% the ability of prostaglandin E1 or isoproterenol to elevate cAMP levels. Inhibition is maximal by 2 h. The response to cholera toxin is not significantly decreased. Basal cAMP is not affected. Under these conditions, GTP is decreased by 80%, ATP is on...

Although four maturity genes, E1 to E4, in soybean have been successfully cloned, their functional mechanisms and the regulatory network of photoperiodic flowering remain to be elucidated. In this study, we investigated how the diurnal expression pattern of the E1 gene is related to photoperiodic length; and to what extent allelic variation in the B3-like domain of the E1 gene is associated wit...

background: milk is a valuable sources of nutrition in the human diet however; there are reports on safety of milk steroid hormones contain. this study designed to determine the level of steroid hormones including estrone (e1), 17β-estradiol (e2), and estriol (e3) in raw and pasteurized milk from non-pregnant and pregnant buffalos. methods: steroids was extracted using liquid extraction, enzyma...