In the title compound, C(13)H(8)N(2)O(2), prepared from furfuryl alcohol and 4-nitro-phthalonitrile in the presence of potassium carbonate in dimethyl-formamide, the furan and benzene rings are oriented at a dihedral angle of 53.45 (9)°. In the crystal, weak C-H⋯O and C-H⋯N hydrogen bonds link the mol-ecules into a three-dimensional network.

In the title compound, C(12)H(10)N(2)S(6), all non-H atoms, except for those in the ethyl groups, lie in the same non-crystallographic plane, with a r.m.s. deviation of 0.0366 (5) Å. In the crystal structure, mol-ecules are linked through weak C-H⋯N hydrogen bonds between methyl and cyano groups, forming centrosymmetric dimers. The dimers are arranged along the a axis, due to inter-molecular N⋯...

In the title compound, C(14)H(16)N(2)S(2), the C atoms of the aromatic ring, the two cyanide groups and the two S atoms of the isopropyl-sulfanyl groups are almost coplanar [maximum deviation from the mean plane = 0.042 (7) Å]. In the crystal, inversion dimers linked by aromatic π-π stacking occur, with a centroid-centroid separation of 3.7543 (8) Å.

The title compound, C(17)H(12)N(2), comprises a norbornane unit having a dicyanona-phthalene ring fused on one side. Both cyano groups are twisted slightly out of the plane of the naphthalene ring system [C-C-C-C torsion angle = 1.9 (2)°]. In the crystal, inversion-related mol-ecules are linked by pairs of weak C-H⋯N hydrogen bonds, forming dimers.

In the title compound, C(42)H(46)N(2)O(4), both crystallographically independent mol-ecules display a 1,3-alternate conformation. Their crystal packing is stabilized by non-classical C-H⋯N hydrogen bonds. The dihedral angles between the planes of the aromatic rings and the mean plane through the methyl-ene C atoms bridging the aromatic rings are 78.10 (13), 80.74 (14), 81.89 (12) and 79.05 (14)...

The previous lecture introduced hidden Markov models (HMMs), a technique used to model types of sequences rather than exact matches. Recall that a Markov chain consists of states Q, initial state probabilities p, and transition state probabilities A. A hidden Markov model has the additional property of emitting a series of observable outputs, one from each state, with various emission probabili...

We introduce a new type of meshes called 5-6-7 meshes. For many mesh processing tasks, lowor high-valence vertices are undesirable. At the same time, it is not always possible to achieve complete vertex valence regularity, i.e., to only have valence-6 vertices. A 56-7 mesh is a closed triangle mesh where each vertex has valence 5, 6, or 7. An intriguing question is whether it is always possible...

Relatively recently, IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) was proposed to be an independent chronic inflammatory disorder [1]. It has been thought to be a subtype of SS, but recent studies have suggested that Mikulicz’s disease is an IgG4-RD and is distinguishable from SS [2, 3]. Characteristic features of IgG4-RD include elevated serum IgG4 levels and inflammation of various organs. The primary hist...