— — — 3:26A 3:29A 3:31A 3:35A 3:37A 3:39A 3:41A 3:42A 3:44A 3:48A 3:51A 3:53A 3:55A 3:58A 4:04A 4:06A — — — 3:47 3:50 3:52 3:56 3:58 4:00 4:02 4:03 4:05 4:09 4:12 4:14 4:16 4:19 4:25 4:27 — — — 3:59 4:02 4:04 4:08 4:10 4:12 4:14 4:15 4:17 4:21 4:24 4:26 4:28 4:31 4:37 4:39 — — — 4:11 4:14 4:16 4:20 4:22 4:24 4:26 4:27 4:29 4:33 4:36 4:38 4:40 4:43 4:49 4:51 — — — 4:26 4:29 4:31 4:35 4:37 4:39 4...

This paper presents a cryogenic 8-bit 32 MS/s successive approximation register (SAR) analog-to-digital converter (ADC) which operates down to 4.2 K. work uses modified liquid helium temperature (LHT) SMIC 0.18 μm CMOS technology support the post-layout simulation. The proposed architecture adopts an offset-promoted dynamic comparator, waveform shaping circuit and true single-phase clock (TSPC)...

Reversible logic has attracted substantial interest due to its low power consumption which is the main concern of low power VLSI circuit design. In this paper, a novel 4x4 reversible gate called inventive gate has been introduced and using this gate 1-bit, 2-bit, 8-bit, 32-bit and n-bit group-based reversible comparator have been constructed with low value of reversible parameters. The MOS tran...

US defense sponsored the DES program in 1971 and released it on 1977. It remained as a well-known and well-accepted defacto standard of block ciphers until 1998. Thirty-two 4-bit DES S-Boxes are grouped in eight each having four and are put in public domain without any mention of their design methodology. Due to this discovery of substitution Boxes, SBoxes, 4-bit, 8-bit or 32-bit, find a perman...

Acknowledgments Chapter 1: Introduction Chapter 2: The SPHINX Speech Recognition System 1 2 3 5 2.1 Signal Processing ............................ 5 2.2 Clustering and Vector Quantization ..................... 6 2.3 Hidden Markov Models .......................... 7 2.4 Speech Unit ............................... 7 Chapter 3: The Motorola Car Database and AN4 Database 8 3.1 The Motorola Car Data...