Acetylcholine is a ubiquitous cortical neuromodulator implicated in cognition. In order to understand the potential for acetylcholine to play a role in visual attention, we studied nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) localization and function in area V1 of the macaque. We found nAChRs presynaptically at thalamic synapses onto excitatory, but not inhibitory, neurons in the primary thalamore...

Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) applying flow cytometry to separate cells on a molecular basis is a widespread method. We demonstrate that both fluorescent and unlabeled live cells in a Petri dish observed with a microscope can be automatically recognized by computer vision and picked up by a computer-controlled micropipette. This method can be routinely applied as a FACS down to the...

The physiologic and performance effects of low-level reconnaissance flying in hot environments were documented and quantitated. RF-4C pilots and weapons system operators were studied in hot and cool seasons during both high and low missions to distinguish environmental temperature from flight level effects. ECG, sternal and thigh skin temperatures, and cockpit temperature at helmet level were m...

I investigate the computational and the neural mechanisms for suppressing retinal vascular image (RVI) and attempt to generalize some conclusions to other visual suppression phenomena. First I present a new observation demonstrating RVI in negative afterimages. Then I discuss RVI suppression from a computational perspective and suggest: (1) RVI is always there in the retinal stimulation; (2) RV...

We present deep spectropolarimetric observations obtained with the W. M. Keck Telescope of the very high redshift (z=3.79786±0.0024) radio galaxy 4C 41.17. We find that the bright, spatially extended rest-frame UV continuum emission from this galaxy, which is aligned with the radio axis, is unpolarized (P2σ < 2.4%). This implies that scattered AGN light, which is generally the dominant contribu...

.........................................................................................................................................................................1 Roadside Drainage Design for Channel Stability ..........................................................................................................2 Allowable Velocity and Shear Stress.......................................