It is well known that a three-dimensional (3D) culture environment and the presence of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins facilitate hepatocyte viability and maintenance of the liver-specific phenotype in vitro. However, it is not clear whether specific ECM components such as collagen or fibronectin differentially regulate such processes, especially in 3D scaffolds. In this study, a series of ...

Cell-based tissue engineering using scaffolds provides a promising option for the repair of bone tissue damage caused by trauma or aging-related degeneration such as osteoporosis. In this study, a porous 3D scaffold was used to support the differentiation process of rat adipose -derived stem cells (ADSCs) into osteoblasts in vitro. The scaffold was made with chitosan, gelatin and chondroitin. I...

Objective: This study was aimed to determine the biocompatibility of gelatin-alginate scaffolds with 3D bio-printer and the mice bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), and the histocompatibility during skin wound healing. Methods: BMSCs was separated and cultured using pan-marrow attachment method and the third generation combined with gelatin-alginate was added to the 3D printer for the p...

Painful degeneration of soft tissues accounts for high socioeconomic costs. Tissue engineering aims to provide biomimetics recapitulating native tissues. Biocompatible thermoplastics for 3D printing can generate high-resolution structures resembling tissue extracellular matrix. Large-pore 3D-printed acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and polylactic acid (PLA) scaffolds were compared for cell...

The objective of this research was to determine the appropriate cell culture conditions for embryonic stem (ES) cell proliferation and differentiation in fibrin scaffolds by examining cell seeding density, location, and the optimal concentrations of fibrinogen, thrombin, and aprotinin (protease inhibitor). Mouse ES cells were induced to become neural progenitors by adding retinoic acid for 4 da...

Large bone defect regeneration has always been recognized as a challenging clinical problem due to the difficulty of revascularization. Conventional treatments exhibit certain inherent disadvantages (e.g., secondary injury, immunization, and potential infections). However, three-dimensional (3D) printing technology an emerging field can serve effective approach achieve satisfactory revasculariz...

The conventional tissue engineering is based on seeding of macroporous scaffold on its surface ("top-down" approach). The main limitation is poor cell viability in the middle of the scaffold due to poor diffusion of oxygen and nutrients and insufficient vascularization. Layer-by-Layer (LBL) bioassembly is based on "bottom-up" approach, which considers assembly of small cellularized blocks. The ...

RATIONALE Conventional 3-dimensional (3D) printing techniques cannot produce structures of the size at which individual cells interact. OBJECTIVE Here, we used multiphoton-excited 3D printing to generate a native-like extracellular matrix scaffold with submicron resolution and then seeded the scaffold with cardiomyocytes, smooth muscle cells, and endothelial cells that had been differentiated...

Human airway smooth muscle (HASM) contraction plays a central role in regulating airway resistance in both healthy and asthmatic bronchioles. In vitro studies that investigate the intricate mechanisms that regulate this contractile process are predominantly conducted on tissue culture plastic, a rigid, 2D geometry, unlike the 3D microenvironment smooth muscle cells are exposed to in situ. It is...

The development of a suitable three dimensional (3D) culture system for anticancer drug development remains an unmet need. Despite progress, a simple, rapid, scalable and inexpensive 3D-tumor model that recapitulates in vivo tumorigenesis is lacking. Herein, we report on the development and characterization of a 3D nanofibrous scaffold produced by electrospinning a mixture of poly(lactic-co-gly...