BACKGROUND The relationship between admission low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels and long-term outcomes has not been established in patients with acute coronary syndrome. We tested the hypothesis that patients who develop non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) despite low LDL have a worse cardiovascular outcome in the long term. METHODS Patients admitted with NSTEMI between...

BACKGROUND Use of 3-hydroxyl-3-methylglutaryl-3 coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) inhibitors, or statins, reduces cardiovascular disease risk by lowering plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations. However, LDL-C response is variable and influenced by many factors, including racial ancestry, with attenuated response in blacks compared with whites. We hypothesized that single n...

Mevinolin, a competitive inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase, was used for treatment of 12 patients with moderate hypercholesterolemia, but not classical familial hypercholesterolemia. For most patients, measurements of turnover of low density lipoprotein-apolipoprotein B (LDL-apoB) were made on placebo and during treatment with two doses of mevinolin. LDL turnover was ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particle size is considered to be one of the more important cardiovascular risk factors, and small LDL particles are known to have atherogenic potential. The aim of this study was to determine whether LDL particle size is associated with stroke severity and functional outcome in patients with atherothrombotic stroke. METHODS Between January...

Accumulation of cholesterol by macrophage uptake of LDL is a key event in the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. Previous research has shown that granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is present in atherosclerotic plaques and promotes aortic lipid accumulation. However, it has not been determined whether murine GM-CSF-differentiated macrophages take up LDL to become foam ...

This analysis evaluates the effects on lipoprotein subfractions and LDL particle size of ezetimibe/simvastatin with or without coadministration of fenofibrate in patients with mixed hyperlipidemia. This multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study included 611 patients aged 18-79 years randomized in 1:3:3:3 ratios to one of four 12 week treatment groups: placebo; ezetimib...

The 10-kb deletion ("French Canadian mutation") of the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor gene is the most common mutation causing familial hypercholesterolemia among subjects of French Canadian descent. In affected subjects, it results in a null allele of the LDL receptor gene and provides a unique opportunity to examine single-allele regulation of this gene in humans. We sought to ascerta...

The hypothesis that oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) is necessary, if not obligatory, in the development of atherosclerotic lesions was formulated .20 years ago with the seminal observation that uptake of native LDL by macrophages did not result in foam cell formation. In contrast, uptake of ox-LDL via scavenger receptors resulted in the unregulated accumulation of lipid.1 Since then, multiple studies in ...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of low concentrations of oxidized LDL (oxLDL) on the proliferation and spontaneous motility of human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAEC) in culture. METHODS Cultures of HCAEC were treated with low concentrations of native LDL (nLDL) isolated from human plasma and with LDL minimally oxidized through different chemical methods; the effects were compare...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the potential of circulating low-density lipoprotein (LDL), isolated from apolipoprotein E (apoE)-deficient mice (E-/-LDL) and from LDL receptor-deficient mice (Lr-/-LDL), to induce foam cell formation. METHODS AND RESULTS Binding studies using COS-7 cells overexpressing CD36, J774 cells, and mouse peritoneal macrophages (MPMs) unexpectedly showed for the first time t...