BACKGROUND An impairment of the 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) catabolic pathway, represented by alterations in the dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPYD) gene, is considered a crucial factor contributing to the development of 5-FU-related toxicity. The β-ureidopropionase (BUP1) enzyme catalyzes the final step in the 5-FU catabolic pathway; however, alterations in the UPB1 gene coding for the BUP1 enzym...

objective: there is no definitive data on the strength of glass fiber and cast posts with different length. this in vitro study was designed to investigate and compare the effect of length on the retentive strength of glass fiber and cast posts. materials and methods: sixty recently extracted intact maxillary canine teeth were cut 1mm above the cej. the specimens were endodontically treated and...

This paper presents a method for automatic derivation of urban structures types with focus on residential areas. It is based on scanned topographic maps at scale 1:25k and a given urban block geometry from a national topographic database. The procedure consists of five steps: (1) definition of a typology of urban structures, (2) extraction of building footprints, (3) computation of measurements...

When FP measurement methods are different between the same functional size projects, FPs are different between them. FP measurement methods are often customized by software vendors. To reinforce accountability for a customer, FP based on a customized method should be transformed to FP based on a standard method. So we proposed two derivation methods of FP transformation formulas. One method is ...

We determine the probability that a randomly chosen elliptic curve E/Fp over a randomly chosen prime field Fp has an `-primary part E(Fp)[`∞] isomorphic with a fixed abelian `-group H (`) α,β = Z/` × Z/`. We show that the probability agrees with the one predicted by a natural though unproven equidistribution hypothesis for Frobenius elements in GL(2,Z`). Probabilities for “|E(Fp)| divisible by ...

When the interval between a warning signal (WS) and an imperative signal (IS), termed the foreperiod (FP), is variable across trials, reaction time (RT) to the IS typically decreases with increasing FP length. Here we examined the auditory filled-FP effect, which refers to a performance decrement after FPs filled with irrelevant auditory stimulation compared to FPs without additional stimulatio...

PURPOSE It is not known whether the prostaglandin FP receptor plays an important role in endogenous 24-hour regulation of intraocular pressure. The purpose of this study was to compare 24-hour intraocular pressure (IOP) in FP receptor-knockout mice with that of wild-type mice that have normal FP receptor expression. METHODS The 24-hour IOP profile was determined by rebound tonometry in FP-kno...

PURPOSE Pretargeted radioimmunotherapy (PRIT) using streptavidin (SAv)-biotin technology can deliver higher therapeutic doses of radioactivity to tumors than conventional RIT. However, "endogenous" biotin can interfere with the effectiveness of this approach by blocking binding of radiolabeled biotin to SAv. We engineered a series of SAv FPs that downmodulate the affinity of SAv for biotin, whi...

BACKGROUND Accurate identification of orthologs is crucial for evolutionary studies and for functional annotation. Several algorithms have been developed for ortholog delineation, but so far, manually curated genome-scale biological databases of orthologous genes for algorithm evaluation have been lacking. We evaluated four popular ortholog prediction algorithms (MultiParanoid; and OrthoMCL; RB...

Combinations of drugs with distinct and complementary mechanisms of action may offer improved efficacy in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In two 12-week, double-blind, parallel-group studies, patients with COPD were randomized 1:1:1 to once-daily umeclidinium (UMEC; 62.5 μg and 125 μg) or placebo (PBO), added to twice-daily fluticasone propionate/salmeterol (FP/SA...