determination of cardinal temperatures during seed germination and emergence as well as the thermal time requirement for each stage is essential in crop management and modeling of plant growth and development. two experiments were conducted to predict cardinal temperatures and thermal time requirement for germination and emergence of chickpea genotypes. in the first experiment, seed germination...

Since the Ministry of Construction decided the development of the effective aerator for oxidation ditch (OD) process as the theme of construction technique in 1988, the application of OD process for small scale domestic waste water treatment plant have been increasing in Japan. Authors were engaged in the development of down draft aerator, planned several actual plants and experienced the opera...

A three-dimensional thermo-mechanical model is developed for the transient contact between a thermal flying height control (TFC) slider and a disk asperity. The effect of contact conditions is investigated, including the friction coefficient and the circumferential disk velocity. The damage of the read–write shields due to contacts with disk asperities is studied along with the maximum temperat...

The fluid flow and heat transfer in a three-dimensional microchannel filled with Al2O3- water nanofluid is numerically investigated. The hybrid scheme is used to discretize the convection terms and SIMPLER algorithm is adopted to couple the velocity and pressure field in the momentum equations. The temperature fields, variation of horizontal velocity along the centre line of the channel, a...

Thermal anomaly is among factors initiating coral bleaching and mortalities and threatening coral reefs worldwide. Therefore, susceptibility of corals to thermal stress is a central concern in reef conservation. In this study, we evaluated underwater temperature during 2012-13 and bleaching status of corals during summer 2012 in Hengam Island located in the eastern Persian Gulf. Hengam coral...