BACKGROUND In Japan, syphilis reports have recently increased rapidly. However, unlike other developed countries where men who have sex with men (MSM) were associated with the rise, the increase in Japan has been attributed more to men who have sex with women (MSW) and women who have sex with men (WSM). We report on this increase based on surveillance data. METHODS Syphilis is a notifiable di...

Food waste minimization is an issue in any destinations. Most of the food from households, commerce and industries are disposed strategic landfills but going to reach their capacity. A new policy, municipal solid (MSW) charging scheme, will be implemented 2023. It anticipated reducing MSW production including waste. This study conducts interviews with stakeholders questionnaires residents regio...

This study was conducted to determine the characteristics and biogas production potential of organic materials separated from municipal solid wastes using a rotary drum reactor (RDR) process. Four different types of wastes were first pretreated with a commercial RDR system at different retention times (1, 2 and 3 d) and the organic fractions were tested with batch anaerobic digesters with 2.6 g...

Developing more efficient integrated MSW management plans necessarily involves complex decisions where tradeoffs between environment performance and cost and must be carefully analyzed. For instance, how does the cost and environmental performance of a MSW management system change if we include or exclude a specific material (e.g., glass, paper, plastic, metal) from our recycling program? And s...

This paper examines how and to what degree government policies of garbage fees and voluntary source separation programs, with free indoor containers and garbage bags, can affect the effectiveness of municipal solid waste (MSW) management, in the sense of achieving a desirable reduction of per capita MSW generation. Based on city-level panel data for years 1998–2012 in China, our empirical analy...

Mumbai, the largestmetropolitan city in India, generated 6,256 tons ofwaste per day in 2001. It is the responsibility of the Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai (MCGM) to provide Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) management services; however, the MCGM is not able to handle the increasing quantity of waste. As a result, waste litters all over the place giving rise to health and environmental probl...

Wood treated with chromated copper arsenate (CCA) is primarily disposed within construction and demolition (C&D) debris landfills, with wood monofills and municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills as alternative disposal options. This study evaluated the extent and speciation of arsenic leaching from landfills containing CCA-treated wood. In control lysimeters where untreated wood was used, dimethy...