A series of trials was performed with sheep and goats to compare mechanically shredded with conventionally (control) harvested alfalfa hay. Shredded hay tended to contain less CP and more cell wall constituents than the control; digestibility of NDF in vitro also was increased by shredding. Intake of DM and digestibilities of NDF and ADF were increased in sheep fed shredded hay. Digestibilities...

this experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of camelthorn (alhagi sp.) as a foraghe in the diet of balouchi sheep (during the last two months of gestation and two months of lactation) where 72 ewes in a completely randomized design with three treatments (diets) and four replications were used. experimental diets were : 1) wheat straw 50%, alfalfa hay 30% and barley grain 20%, as contro...

We evaluated the effect of forage quality on response of cattle to supplementation with cooked molasses blocks. In Exp. 1, 175 heifers had ad libitum access to prairie hay (5.2% CP, DM basis). Treatments were a 2 x 3 factorial: supplementation with 0 or 1.96 kg/d of alfalfa DM, and supplementation with no cooked molasses block or with a low-protein or a high-protein cooked molasses block (14.4 ...

Effects of niacin or niacinamide in diets containing either soybean meal, raw whole soybeans or whole soybeans extruded at 132 and 149 C on ruminal bacterial fermentation were examined with a dual-flow continuous culture system. In Exp. 1, soybean sources each provided 50% of total crude protein in diets comprised of 52% concentrate mix, 36% corn silage and 12% alfalfa hay (dry-matter basis). E...

introduction using agro-industrial by-products in ruminants feeding could help in semi arid climate condition throughout the year. raisin by-product is produced in huge magnitude in malayer city, hamedan province. local different raisin by-products which produced during machinery cleaning and sorting of sun dried treated grapevine cluster (vitisvinifera l. cv. sultana), are as:1) some outer lay...

BACKGROUND Efficient conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to fermentable sugars requires the synergistic action of multiple enzymes; consequently enzyme mixtures must be properly formulated for effective hydrolysis. The nature of an optimal enzyme blends depends on the type of pretreatment employed as well the characteristics of the substrate. In this study, statistical experimental design was...

Ruminal, post-ruminal and total tract crude protein disappearance of alfalfa hay and barley grain were measured using in vivo, in situ mobile bag and three-step in situ/in vitro enzyme procedures (3-step). For in vivo, four Baluchi lambs (49.4 ± 3.5 kg, body weight) were used in a 2 × 2 Latin square design within 2 periods (24 days of each period). Experimental diets were made of two alfalfa ha...

The alfalfa weevil complex is the most severe insect pest of alfalfa in California. Because weevil larvae are the first insect pests of the production year to require management actions consideration of possible effects on pest management for the rest of the season must be made. Organophosphate and carbamate insecticides have provided acceptable weevil control in the past. However, the occurren...