Pirfenidone (5-methyl-1-phenyl-2(1H)-pyridone, PFD) is a small-molecule compound acting on multiple targets involved in pathological fibrogenesis and is effective to increase the survival of patients with fibrosis, such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. However, PFD is not active enough, requiring a high daily dose. In this study, to keep the multiple target profiles, N₁-substituted phenylhydro...

[reaction: see text] A highly efficient aza Diels-Alder reaction of Danishefsky's diene with imines was found to occur in methanol in the absence of any acids at room temperature to give corresponding 2-substituted dihydro-4-pyridone derivatives in high yields. This reaction can be also carried out in a three-component one-pot reaction manner. The reaction was found to proceed through a Mannich...

A series of previously unavailable derivatives of 2-alkyl- and 2-benzylderivatives of oxazolo[3,2-a]pyridines III were obtained via tandem ring opening and ring closure from stable mesoionic 3-acyloxazolo[3,2-a]pyridinium-2-olates I. The key intermediates of this tandem transformation are N-(b-oxoethyl)pyridones-2 II obtained by Dakin-West acylation of (pyridone-2-yl-1)acetic acid. An example o...

This work presents a theoretical simulation of the infrared spectra of strong hydrogen bond in alpha-phase 2-pyridone dimers, as well as in their deuterium derivatives at room temperature. The theory takes into account an adiabatic anharmonic coupling between the high-frequency N-H(D) stretching and the low-frequency intermolecular N...O stretching modes by considering that the effective angula...

The flayin and pyridine nucleotide coenzymes are inyolved in the detoxication f ftutoxidation produets of lipids. In tryptophan-nicotinamide metabolism, kynurenine 3-hydroxylase and IVi-methylnicotinamide (MNA) oxidase contain FAD as a coenzyme. So, the effects of dietary autoxidation products of linoleic acid on the metabolism of tryptophan-nicotinamide were inyestigated using rats. The admini...

n-oxidation of 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-1- phenyliminopyridine (7) with several peracids was attempted. the main compound obtained was l-phenyl- 2,6-dimethyl-4-pyridone (8), instead of the expected n-oxide (2). the reaction of phenylhydroxylamine with dimthylrnethoxypyroxonium perchlorate, however, successfully gave the n-oxide (3), which belongs to a class of nitrones in which the diazomethine...