OBJECTIVE HbA(1c) is a standard clinical assessment of glycemia and the basis of most data relating glycemic control to complications. It remains unclear, however, whether HbA(1c) is affected by glycemic variation and mean glycemia. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS To test this question, we analyzed the statistical relationship between HbA(1c) levels and glycemic variability as measured by self-mo...

OBJECTIVE To describe the trajectory of HbA(1c) and glucose concentrations before the diagnosis of diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The study comprised 1,722 nondiabetic Japanese individuals aged 26-80 years. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and HbA(1c) were measured annually for a mean of 9.5 (SD 1.8) years. RESULTS Diabetes occurred in 193 individuals (FPG ≥ 7.0 mmol/L, self-reported cli...

GLUT2 is mainly expressed in the liver, beta-cells of the pancreas, and the basolateral membrane of kidney proximal tubules and plays an important role in glucose homeostasis in living organisms. The transcription of the GLUT2 gene is known to be upregulated in the liver during postprandial hyperglycemic states or in type 2 diabetes. However, a molecular mechanism by which glucose activates GLU...

OBJECTIVE Discordance between HbA(1c) and fructosamine estimations in the assessment of glycemia is often encountered. A number of mechanisms might explain such discordance, but whether it is consistent is uncertain. This study aims to coanalyze paired glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA(1c))-fructosamine estimations by using fructosamine to determine a predicted HbA(1c), to calculate a glycation gap ...

OBJECTIVE To determine the relationship between mean sensor glucose concentrations and hemoglobin A(1c) (HbA(1c)) values measured in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications laboratory at the University of Minnesota in a cohort of subjects with type 1 diabetes from the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation continuous glucose monitorin...

In an attempt to identify transcription factors which activate sterol-regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c) transcription, we screened an expression cDNA library from adipose tissue of SREBP-1 knockout mice using a reporter gene containing the 2.6-kb mouse SREBP-1 gene promoter. We cloned and identified the oxysterol receptors liver X receptor (LXRalpha) and LXRbeta as strong activat...

HbA(1c) is a standard clinical assessment of glycemia and the basis of most data relating glycemic control to complications. While daily blood glucose testing gives a picture of day-to-day fluctuations, the HbA(1c) test offers an overview of how well glucose has been controlled over the past 4 months. I devised an innovative mathematical model to describe novel equations governing HbA(1c) which...

Homer-1c/Vesl-1L is a 48-kDa protein that forms part of a family of conserved Homer-related proteins that interact with the C-termini of the metabotropic glutamate receptors mGluR1alpha and mGluR5. In order to examine the function of Homer-1c, HEK-293 cells have been transfected with mGluR1alpha, Homer-1c, and both proteins together. When cells were transfected with both proteins, biotinylation...

At least three different promoter regions (1A, 1B, and 1C) are involved in the expression of the human GR gene. Promoters 1B and 1C are found in a 2800 bp region of DNA immediately upstream of the exon 1C transcriptional initiation site. Transcripts containing either exon 1B or 1C are expressed in a wide variety of human tissues and cultured cells. Luciferase reporter constructs were created co...