This paper provides the description of a new species, Aphelocheirus menglaensis sp.nov. from Yunnan Province. A. gularis Horváth, 1918 and A. inops (Horváth, 1918) are reported from China for the first time. We also reviewed A. ellipsoideus Liu & Ding, 2005, include its macropterous forms and brachypterous female. Dorsal habitus photographs of the new species and A. ellipsoideus are provided an...

Wild waterfowl captured between 1915 and 1919 were tested for influenza A virus RNA. One bird, captured in 1917, was infected with a virus of the same hemagglutinin (HA) subtype as that of the 1918 pandemic virus. The 1917 HA is more closely related to that of modern avian viruses than it is to that of the pandemic virus, suggesting (i) that there was little drift in avian sequences over the pa...

Wild waterfowl captured between 1915 and 1919 were tested for influenza A virus RNA. One bird, captured in 1917, was infected with a virus of the same hemagglutinin (HA) subtype as that of the 1918 pandemic virus. The 1917 HA is more closely related to that of modern avian viruses than it is to that of the pandemic virus, suggesting (i) that there was little drift in avian sequences over the pa...

(H5N1) virus, suggestive of a cohort effect or otherwise, have yet to be published, although anecdotal reports of completed surveys point to a lack of widespread human infection with the virus (8). Current evidence indicates that pandemic influenza of humans since 1918 has been restricted to 3 influenza A virus subtypes: H1 (1918–57 and 1977–present); H2 (1957–68); and H3 (1968–present) (9,10)....

The 1918 influenza pandemic has shaped research and public health for nearly a century. In 1976, the specter of 1918 loomed large when a pandemic threatened the country again. Public health officials initiated a mass vaccination campaign, but the anticipated pandemic failed to occur. An examination of the available data in 1976 and the decision to vaccinate, as well as lessons learned from the ...

A new genus and species of the mite family Tarsonemidae, subfamily Tarsoneminae, is described and illustrated. Its systematic position among genera of Tarsoneminae and its host association with bark beetles of the genus Pseudopityophtlwrus Swaine, 1918 in North America are briefly discussed. R6surn6-Les auteurs dCcrivent et illustrent un nouveau genre et une nouvelle espece d'acarien de la fami...

Argoptochus sappho sp. n. and Pelletierellus bryophilus sp. n. from Lesbos island, Greece, Cathormiocerus kostali sp. n. from Morocco, and C. meyeri sp. n. from Portugal are described. New faunistic data are presented for Argoptochus moraveci Borovec, 2006, Cathormiocerus inflatiscapus Escalera, 1918, C. jeani (Borovec, 1989), C. longiscapus Pic, 1912, C. tenuiscapus Fairmaire, 1884, Pelletiere...

The 1918 influenza pandemic known as the "Spanish Flu" has been the worst in recent history with estimated worldwide mortality ranging from 20 to 100 million deaths. Using epidemic modeling and hospital notification data during the 1918 influenza pandemic in the Canton of Geneva, Switzerland, we estimated the reproductive numbers of the first and second waves of influenza infection to be R(1)=1...

Dating back to antiquity, influenza pandemics have posed the greatest threat of a worldwide calamity caused by infectious disease. Over the past 300 years, ten influenza pandemics have occurred among humans. The most recent came in 1957-58 and 1968-69, and although several tens of thousands of Americans died in each one, these were considered mild compared to others. The 1918-19 pandemic was no...

This book is a very comprehensive review of Bio terrorism and its impact on public health, mental health, population and vulnerable sub population. The book is divided into five parts. Partone dealswiththe introductiontobio terrorism andneed for planning. Parttwo gives a historic prospective onbio terrorism and sights examples from the past, in particular, influenza pandemic of 1918 and analysi...