In this report, we present an analysis of several recycling protocols based on labeling of membrane proteins with specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). We analyzed recycling of membrane proteins that are internalized by clathrin-dependent endocytosis, represented by the transferrin receptor, and by clathrin-independent endocytosis, represented by the Major Histocompatibility Class I molecules....

The Rockefeller University Press $30.00 J. Cell Biol. Vol. 208 No. 4 443–455 www.jcb.org/cgi/doi/10.1083/jcb.201406102 JCB 443 Correspondence to Jason M. Haugh: [email protected] Abbreviations used in this paper: FMI, forward migration index; FP, fluorescent protein; GPI, glycophosphatidylinositol; MEF, mouse embryonic fibroblast; PDMS, polymethylsiloxane; PI3K, phosphoinositide 3-kinase; PI...

Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium is a food-borne pathogen that causes severe gastroenteritis. The ability of Salmonella to cause disease depends on two type III secretion systems (T3SSs) encoded in two distinct Salmonella pathogenicity islands, 1 and 2 (SPI1 and SPI2, respectively). S. Typhimurium encodes a solo LuxR homolog, SdiA, which can detect the acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs) pro...

487 HISTORY OF INTERVIEWING 488 PURPOSE OF ASSESSMENT INTERVIEWS 488 TYPES OF INTERVIEWS 488 Case History Interviews 489 Diagnostic Interviews 489 Follow-Up Interviews 489 Forensic Interviews 489 Intake Interviews 490 Interviewing for Etiology 490 Mental Status Exams 490 Orientation Interviews 490 Preand Posttesting Interviews 490 Screening Interviews 491 Specialized Interviews 491 Termination ...

FtsH is an ATP-dependent metalloprotease present as a hexameric heterocomplex in thylakoid membranes. Encoded in the Arabidopsis thaliana YELLOW VARIEGATED2 (VAR2) locus, FtsH2 is one isoform among major Type A (FtsH1/5) and Type B (FtsH2/8) isomers. Mutants lacking FtsH2 (var2) and FtsH5 (var1) are characterized by a typical leaf-variegated phenotype. The functional importance of the catalytic...

Ethernet, with its higher bandwidth and ubiquitous usage, seems a natural alternative to the market-leading GPIB instrument control bus for automating instruments. However, it’s not always an accurate conclusion. There are many factors to consider when determining which bus provides better performance. Most important are the bus bandwidth and latency, the device-side instrument control hardware...

This paper introduces a chitosan microneedle patch for efficient and sustained transdermal delivery of hydrophilic macromolecules. Chitosan microneedles have sufficient mechanical strength to be inserted in vitro into porcine skin at approximately 250 μm in depth and in vivo into rat skin at approximately 200 μm in depth. Bovine serum albumin (BSA, MW=66.5 kDa) was used as a model protein to ex...

• Properties of metal foams are sensitive to not only porosity but also topology. Thermal conductivities commercial stochastic almost isotropic. Architected have 103% higher thermal conductivity than foams. stiffer and absorb 265% more energy This study conducted pore-scale simulations estimate the stagnant mechanical performance architected The 5-, 10-, 20- 40-ppi aluminum were estimated be 6....