The present study assessed three hypotheses of how practice reduces dual-task interference: Practice teaches participants to efficiently integrate performance of a task pair; practice promotes automatization of individual tasks, allowing the central bottleneck to be bypassed; practice leaves the bottleneck intact but shorter in duration. These hypotheses were tested in two transfer-of-training ...

Attentional interference between tasks performed in parallel is known to have strong and often undesired effects. As yet, however, the mechanisms by which interference operates remain elusive. A better knowledge of these processes may facilitate our understanding of the effects of attention on human performance and the debilitating consequences that disruptions to attention can have. According ...

Balanced forces around the shoulder are important for normal function; however, rehabilitation guidelines are not well defined because the muscle contributions and optimal exercise technique to recruit them are poorly understood. This study aimed to determine (1) the conditions of resisted isometric external rotation that optimized the contribution of infraspinatus and (2) the load of external ...

Increase in postural-demand resources does not necessarily degrade a concurrent motor task, according to the adaptive resource-sharing hypothesis of postural-suprapostural dual-tasking. This study investigated how brain networks are organized to optimize a suprapostural motor task when the postural load increases and shifts postural control into a less automatic process. Fourteen volunteers exe...

The main challenge for theories of multitasking is to predict when and how tasks interfere. Here, we focus on interference related to the problem state, a directly accessible intermediate representation of the current state of a task. On the basis of Salvucci and Taatgen's (2008) threaded cognition theory, we predict interference if 2 or more tasks require a problem state but not when only one ...

The tendency to live in the here and now, and the failure to think through the delayed consequences of behavior, is one of the strongest individual-level correlates of delinquency. We tested the hypothesis that this correlation results from a limited ability to imagine one's self in the future, which leads to opting for immediate gratification. Strengthening the vividness of the future self sho...

This survey presents some combinatorial problems with number-theoretic flavor. Our journey starts from a simple graph coloring question, but at point gets close to dangerous territory of the Riemann Hypothesis. We will mostly focus on open problems, we also provide proofs, just for adorning.

Abstract Achieving a sufficient IELTS band score for academic purposes has been major goal of many L2 learners around the world, especially those in Asia. However, writing scores were consistently reported to be lowest when compared speaking, reading, and listening. Despite growing body research writing, little focused on role model essays noticing hypotheses. The present study aimed fill this ...

the aim of this study was to compare the effects of cognitive-attentional and cognitive-motor load on the performance of bimanual coordination skill. 31 female students (mean age 25+2 years) from shahid beheshti university attending were selected voluntarily and divided randomly into three groups: single group (n=11), cognitive group (n=10) and cognitive-motor group (n=10). single group partici...

Micro-arcsec astronomy is able to verify the predictions of theoretical models of gravitation at a level adequate to constraint relevant parameters and select among different formulations. In particular, this concerns the weak field limit applicable to the Sun neighborhood, where competing models can be expressed in a common framework as the Parametrised Post-Newtonian and Parametrised Post-Pos...