Yeast cells arrest in the G1 phase of the cell cycle upon exposure to mating pheromones. As cells commit to a new cycle, G1 CDK activity (Cln/CDK) inhibits signaling through the mating MAPK cascade. Here we show that the target of this inhibition is Ste5, the MAPK cascade scaffold protein. Cln/CDK disrupts Ste5 membrane localization by phosphorylating a cluster of sites that flank a small, basi...

Anthrax is caused by infection with Bacillus anthracis, a spore-forming gram-positive bacterium. A major virulence factor for B. anthracis is an immunomodulatory tripartite exotoxin that has been reported to alter immune cell chemotaxis and activation. It has been proposed that B. anthracis infections initiate through entry of spores into the regional draining lymph nodes where they germinate, ...

The purpose of this study is to investigate the antinociceptive effects of ginsenosides on toothache. c-Fos immunoreactive (IR) neurons were examined after noxious intrapulpal stimulation (NS) by intrapulpal injection of 2 M KCl into upper and lower incisor pulps exposed by bone cutter in Sprague Dawley rats. The number of Fos-IR neurons was increased in the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis (Vc) ...

Abstract C 10 H ClN 3 O, monoclinic, P 2 1 / c (no. 14), a = 4.7273(7) Å, b 10.2148(16) 21.283(3) β 91.458(4)°, V 1027.4(3) Å , Z 4, R g t ${R}_{gt}$ ( F ) 0.0623, w r e f $w{R}_{ref}$ 0...

In the crystal structure of the title compound, C(7)H(15)ClN(2) (2+)·2PF(6) (-), the cations and anions are linked by inter-molecular N-H⋯F hydrogen bonds.

The supramolecular structure of the title compound, C(18)H(17)ClN(2)O(2), is determined by the intersection of two chains formed by N-H...O and N-H...N hydrogen bonds, forming a two-dimensional sheet.

In the crystal structure of the title compound, C(6)H(4)ClN(3)O(5), the two nitro groups are twisted with respect to the pyridine ring, making dihedral angles of 33.12 (13) and 63.66 (14)°.

In budding yeast, cell division is initiated in late G1 phase once the Cdc28 cyclin-dependent kinase is activated by the G1 cyclins Cln1, Cln2, and Cln3. The extreme instability of the Cln proteins couples environmental signals, which regulate Cln synthesis, to cell division. We isolated Cdc53 as a Cln2-associated protein and show that Cdc53 is required for Cln2 instability and ubiquitination i...