In mice, the early host response to intravenous infection with small doses of dispersed Mycobacterium bovis BCG is controlled by the Bcg gene. After infection with a low dose of M. bovis BCG, Lyt-1+ cells were generated in the spleens of BCG-susceptible mice (Bcgs) in parallel with an increase in the proportion of phagocytic cells. Very few changes occurred in the splenic cell types of BCG-resi...

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global pandemic despite the use of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine, partly because BCG fails to effectively control adult pulmonary TB. The introduction of novel boost vaccines such as the human Adenovirus 5-vectored AdHu5Ag85A could improve and prolong the protective immunity of BCG immunization. Age at which BCG immunization is implemented varies greatly wor...

The limited efficacy of the BCG vaccine against tuberculosis is partly due to the missing expression of immunogenic proteins. We analyzed whether the addition to BCG of ESAT-6 and HspX, two Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) antigens, could enhance its capacity to activate human dendritic cells (DCs). BCG showed a weak ability to induce DC maturation, cytokine release, and CD4(+) lymphocytes and ...

CONTEXT The duration of protection from tuberculosis of BCG vaccines is not known. OBJECTIVE To determine the long-term duration of protection of a BCG vaccine that was previously found to be efficacious. DESIGN Retrospective record review using Indian Health Service records, tuberculosis registries, death certificates, and supplemental interviews with trial participants. SETTING AND PART...

Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), the only approved tuberculosis vaccine, provides only limited protection. Previously, we generated a recombinant derivative (BCG ΔureC::hly), which secretes the pore-forming toxin listeriolysin O (LLO) of Listeria monocytogenes. This vaccine shows superior protection against tuberculosis in preclinical models and is safe in humans. Here we describe two new vaccin...

the purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy ofthe bcg vaccine in the first 60 days of life in inducing delayed-type hypersensitivity (dth), and to evaluate the reliability of the mantoux test in comparison with the bcg test for detecting dth. a study was done in 885 healthy, well nourished infants 5 to 7 months old from rural areas of the urumieh province, who received bcg immunizati...

BCG is an immune modulatory that inducing humoral and cellular immune responses during a number of infections including cutaneous leishmaniasis. Killed Leishmania Vaccine (KLV) has been applied for its immunogenicity in hosts. This study was carried out between 2010 and 2011 at the Department of Parasitology, Pasteur Institute of Iran. In the present study, alterations of Nitric Oxide (NO) leve...

Background. Thirty to forty percent of patients with high grade nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) fail to respond to intravesical therapy with bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG). Interferon-α2B plus BCG has been shown to be effective in a subset of patients with NMIBC BCG refractory disease. Here we present a contemporary series on the effectiveness and safety of intravesical BCG plus inter...