In natural gas markets, demand exhibits low price elasticity, while supply follows the market price; a phenomenon typically observed in markets for indispensable goods. A significant portion of gas consumption is due to heating and increasingly power generation, which sets a typical demand pattern: high in winter and summer ('high' seasons) and low in shoulder months ('low' seasons). Thus, the ...

BACKGROUND We previously showed that angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1) blocker (ARB) attenuates glomerular injury in Nphs1-hCD25 (NEP25) transgenic mice, a model of selective podocyte injury. However, subsequent studies in NEP25 mice with podocyte-specific deficiency of AT1 revealed that the protective effects of ARB are not through the podocyte AT1, thereby raising the possibility that the pro...

Angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor (ACEI) each act in a different manner to prevent myocardial fibrosis and left ventricular (LV) stiffness in animals with pathways in the heart for generating ANG II as well as ACE. A model of pacing-induced congestive heart failure (CHF) was used to test the central hypothesis that ARB + ACEI prevents myocardia...

BACKGROUND The visit-to-visit variability in blood pressure (BP) has been shown to be a strong predictor of cardiovascular events. It is not known whether anti-hypertensive therapy using a single-pill fixed-dose combination of angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB)/calcium channel blocker (CCB) or ARB/diuretic (DI) in hypertensive patients affects the visit-to-visit variability and seasonal vari...

PURPOSE The renoprotective function of the angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker (ARB) is well-known in various studies, including the animal model of renal failure. However, detailed temporal changes of pathological and molecular findings after unilateral nephrectomy are not fully understood. The main purpose of this study was to clarify the renoprotective effects and pathological changes ind...

BACKGROUND Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) improve cardiovascular outcomes in high-risk individuals with diabetes. Despite the marked benefit, it is unknown what percentage of patients with diabetes would benefit from and what percentage actually receive this preventive therapy. OBJECTIVES To examine the proportion of older diabetic patie...

background: there is controversy over the potential benefits/harms of the usage of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (aceis) or angiotensin receptor blockers (arbs) as regards the postoperative mortality of coronary artery bypass grafting (cabg). this study investigates the correlation between the in-hospital mortality of cabg and the preoperative administration of acei/arb. methods: out...

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) or angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers (ARB) reduce cardiovascular death in the general population, but data for renal transplant recipients remain elusive. Similarly, ACEI/ARB have been shown to reduce proteinuria, but data on graft survival are lacking. Therefore a retrospective open cohort study was conducted of 2031 patients who received t...

BACKGROUND It remains unclear whether administration of ARB with reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging effects improves the prognosis of patients undergoing PCI. OBJECTIVES This study investigated whether the pre-intervention antioxidant effect of angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) affects long-term outcomes in patients after successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) without earl...