In plants, cell wall placement during cytokinesis is determined by the position of the preprophase band (PPB) and the subsequent expansion of the phragmoplast, which deposits the new cell wall, to the cortical division site delineated by the PPB. New cell walls are often incorrectly oriented during asymmetric cell divisions in the leaf epidermis of maize (Zea mays) discordia1 (dcd1) mutants, an...

Since early years, a need has always been felt for some control on the quality of foodstuffs. With the discovery of aflatoxins in the early sixties, health authorities in man countries have become active in establishing regulations to protect their citizens and livestock fro t potential harm caused by mycotoxins. FDA mycotox-ins-in-foods sampling program is continuing with an objective to remov...

Perfluorooctanesulfonyl fluoride-based products have included surfactants, paper and packaging treatments, and surface protectants (e.g., for carpet, upholstery, textile). Depending on the specific functional derivatization or degree of polymerization, such products may degrade or metabolize, to an undetermined degree, to perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), a stable and persistent end product that...

Cottonseed cake in South East Asia has been associated with health issues in ruminants in the recent years. The present study was carried out to investigate the health issues associated with cottonseed cake feeding in dairy animals in Pakistan. All the cake samples were confirmed to be from early maturing cotton varieties (maturing prior to or during Monsoon). A survey of the resource persons i...

A survey of boneless hams processed in elastic rubber nettings showed that 32 of 59 contained over 100 ppb Nnitrosodibenzylamine (NDBzA) on the surface. These findings demonstrated the need to reduce the nitrosamine content. Nettings made with rubber thread reformulated with zinc diisobutyldithiocarbamate vulcanizing agent were evaluated for their effect on reducing the nitrosamine content. The...

Canned tuna (n = 240), salmon (n = 16), and mackerel (n = 16) were analyzed for mercury and fatty acids. Average mercury levels were 188, 45, and 55 ppb, respectively, and below the FDA Action Level of 1000 ppb. “Light tuna in water” contained lower mercury (x = 54 ppb) compared with “white/albacore tuna in water,” which contained higher eicosapentaenoic acid/docosahexaenoic acid (EPA/DHA) x = ...

We have reported previously that a partially purified bacteriocin (PPB) from Escherichia coli HSCio is toxic to Kill cells growing in vivo as micrometastases but apparently has no activity against a tumor growing i.m. We report here experiments to investigate possible reasons for this difference. The PPB was shown to become less effective against micro metastases, initiated by i.v. injection of...

Neonicotinoid insecticides are nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonists used worldwide. Their environmental health effects including neurotoxicity are of concern. We previously determined a metabolite of acetamiprid, N-desmethyl-acetamiprid in the urine of a patient, who exhibited some typical symptoms including neurological findings. We sought to investigate the association between urinary N-...

We have reported previously that a partially purified bacteriocin (PPB) from Escherichia coli HSC10 is toxic to KHT cells growing in vivo as micrometastases but apparently has no activity against a tumor growing i.m. We report here experiments to investigate possible reasons for this difference. The PPB was shown to become less effective against micrometastases, initiated by i.v. injection of K...

New approaches to block the function of tumor stromal cells such as cancer-associated fibroblasts and pericytes is an emerging field in cancer therapeutics as these cells play a crucial role in promoting angiogenesis and tumor growth via paracrine signals. Because of immunomodulatory and other antitumor activities, IFNg , a pleiotropic cytokine, has been used as an anticancer agent in clinical ...