In this paper, we studied the probability distribution function (PDF) of channel gain dynamic underwater visible light communication (UVLC) model for different types water using goodness-of-fit (GoF). We used channels at system parameters with scenarios. First, Zemax Optics Studio simulator is to simulate UVLC channels. links are examined Monte Carlo Ray-Tracing (MCRT) simulation three channels...

PURPOSE The aim of this analysis was to determine the total ocular wavefront aberration values of a large phakic population of physiologically normal, ametropic eyes, gathered under the same clinical protocol using the same diagnostic wavefront sensor. MATERIALS AND METHODS Studies were conducted at multiple sites in Asia, North America, Europe, and Australia. A Bausch + Lomb Zywave II Wavefr...

Background: Degraded peripheral vision has been hypothesized to be a stimulus for the development of foveal refractive error. Contact lenses have been widely used to correct central vision, but their impacts on peripheral vision are still unknown. The purpose of this study was to use optical model software to evaluate the peripheral optics of rigid gas permeable (RGP) and soft contact lenses (S...

PURPOSE It has been hypothesized that central and peripheral refraction, in eyes treated with myopic overnight orthokeratology, might vary with changes in pupil diameter. The aim of this work was to evaluate the axial and peripheral refraction and optical quality after orthokeratology, using ray tracing software for different pupil sizes. METHODS Zemax-EE was used to generate a series of 29 s...

Aside from the industry-standard Gaussian intensity profile, top hat and non-conventional laser beam shapes, such as doughnut-shaped are ever more required. The profile is well-known for uniformly irradiating target material, significantly reducing heat-affected zones, typical of irradiation, whereas has attracted much interest its use in trapping particles at nanoscale improving mechanical per...

Next-generation large segmented mirror telescopes are expected to perform direct imaging and characterization of Earth-like rocky planets, which requires contrast limits $10^{-7}$ $10^{-8}$ at wavelengths from I J band. One critical aspect affecting the raw on-sky polarization aberrations arising reflection telescope's surfaces instrument optics. We simulate estimate their effect on achievable ...