We examine the ability of the Expansionary Fiscal Contraction (EFC) hypothesis to explain the performance of of OECD economies during times of crisis. We ̄nd some limited evidence in its favour: if public consumption is reduced in response to a ̄scal crisis (as de ̄ned by a high level of debt), private consumption does seem to increase. However the size of the e®ect is smaller than that typicall...

Hsp90α (heat shock protein 90α), one of the important molecular chaperones in cancer cell signal transduction, has been a new candidate target for cancer therapy. Cyclin B1, the client protein of Hsp90α, plays a key role as a mitotic cyclin in the G2-M phase transition during the cell cycle progression. However, the relationship between the level of HSP90α and cyclin B1, the location of Hsp90α ...

PURPOSE Cyclin B1-derived peptides were shown by us to be targets of tumor-specific CD8(+) T cells in patients with breast and head and neck cancer. We obtained further evidence of cyclin B1 immunogenicity and its potential to serve as a tumor-specific antigen by analyzing its ability to elicit T cell-dependent humoral immune responses in vivo in patients with different types of tumors. EXPER...

B1 cells differ in many ways from conventional B cells, most prominently in the production of natural immunoglobulin, which is vitally important for protection against pathogens. B1 cells have also been implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune dyscrasias and malignant diseases. It has been impossible to accurately study B1 cells during health and illness because the nature of human B1 cells...

(-)-Ceralure B1 (ethyl-cis-5-iodo-trans-2-methylcyclohexane-1-carboxylate), a male attractant for the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), is significantly more attractive than trimedlure (tert-butyl esters of 4(5)-chloro-2-methylcyclohexane-1-carboxylate), the current standard male attractant used in detection programs. This article reports studies that compare the effectiv...

Leakage of plasma proteins into the alveoli inhibits pulmonary surfactant function and worsens respiratory failure. Surfactant protein B (SP-B), is essential for surfactant function, but the N-terminal domain of human SP-B (residues 1.25, SP-B1-25) can mimic the biophysical properties of full length SP-B1-78 in vitro. The authors compared the function and inhibition resistance of synthetic surf...

Introduction: B1 mapping is important in a variety of new MR applications, including the design of RF pulses in parallel transmit systems and flip angle calibration for T1 mapping. The Bloch-Siegert (BS) B1 mapping method has been recently introduced as a fast, accurate and robust technique for B1 mapping [1]. In order to compare the quality of B1 maps acquired with the BS method to other metho...

Introduction: B1 mapping has a variety of applications including the design of RF pulses in parallel transmit systems, and flip angle calibration for T1 mapping. Many existing B1 mapping methods suffer from T1 dependence, long scan time or inability to handle the large B1 inhomogeneity that occurs even across the human brain at 7T. The Bloch-Siegert B1 mapping method has been recently introduce...

where the sum is over all different solutions in nonnegative integers b1, . . . , bm of b1 + 2b2 + · · · + mbm = m, and k := b1 + · · · + bm. For example, when m = 3 this instructs us to look at all solutions in nonnegative integers of the equation b1 + 2b2 + 3b3 = 3. We can have b3 = 1, b1 = 0 = b2, in which case k = 1 and we get the term 3! 0! 0! 1! ′ ( f (t)) ( f ′′′(t) 3! ) = g′ ( f (t)) f ...