Crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (CHH) has many functions to regulate carbohydrate metabolism, ecdysis and reproduction including ion transport in crustaceans. The cDNA encoding CHH peptides containing 369 bp open reading frame encoding 122 amino acids was cloned from eyestalk of white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) and was produced by a bacterial expression system. The biological activity of re...

Slow growth caused by viral diseases has become a major constraint in shrimp aquaculture. Laem-Singh virus (LSNV), a positive-sense single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) virus, has been identified in Penaeus monodon showing slow growth syndrome. To examine the host-range and transmission modes of the virus, 6 species of penaeid shrimp of varying life stages, sourced from the wild and from farms, as well ...

Penaeus vannamei (Pacific white legged shrimp), is an exotic shrimp species introduced to India in 2009, and is currently been extensively cultured along the Southeast coastal region of the Country. The expansion of the industry had resulted in mushrooming up of unapproved hatcheries and farms which do not implement adequate biosecurity measures or good management practices required for farming...

the introduction of l. vannamei to iran was initiated when high mortality occurred in shrimp farms of abadan in  2002 then in bushehr during summer of 2004.. inspection of l. vannamei for infectious agents , specially virus and  bacteria and relationship between them were the main objectives of this study. therefore about 240 samples consisting  of shrimps of l. vannamei were collected from far...

Marine penaeid shrimp are effected by approximately twenty viruses, the majority of which were discovered as a result of their negative effects on aquaculture. In the Americas, infectious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosis (IHHN) virus and Taura syndrome (TS) virus have had a significant negative impact on aquaculture industries and, in one instance, on a commercial fishery. Both viruses ha...

DNA-based molecular markers for differentiation of five penaeid shrimps (Penaeus monodon, P. semisulcatus, Feneropenaeus merguiensis, Litopenaeus vannamei and Marsupenaeus japonicus) were developed based on polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and single-stranded conformation polymorphism (SSCP) of 16S ribosomal (r) DNA. Differentiation of P. monodon, P....

The gonad-inhibiting hormone (GIH) belongs to a neuropeptide family synthesized and released in an X-organ sinus gland complex of crustacean eyestalks. GIH inhibits crustacean ovarian maturation by suppressing vitellogenin (Vtg) synthesis, whereas estrogen is responsible for the stimulation of vitellogenesis (not established). In this study, the effects of 17β-estradiol (E2, 10(-6) M), estrogen...

Myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) is a universal and essential signaling protein in Toll-like receptor/interleukin-1 receptor-induced activation of nuclear factor-kappa B. In this study, two MyD88 protein variants (LvMyD88 and LvMyD88-1) were identified in Litopenaeus vannamei. The LvMyD88 cDNA is 1,848 bp in length and contains an open reading frame (ORF) of 1,428 bp, whereas the LvMyD...

The lytic bacteriophage pT24, which infects Tenacibaculum spp., was isolated from the water of a whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) culture pond in Thailand. This giant bacteriophage with myovirus morphology comprised 234,670 bp with 296 predicted genes.