It is well established that Ca2+ plays a key role in promoting the physiological depolarization-induced release (DIR) of neurotransmitters from nerve terminals (Ca2+ hypothesis). Yet, evidence has accumulated for the Ca2+-voltage hypothesis, which states that not only is Ca2+ required, but membrane potential as such also plays a pivotal role in promoting DIR. An essential aspect of the Ca2+-vol...

The distribution of intramyocardially injected rabbit MSCs, labeled with the near-infrared dye 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindotricarbo-cyanine-iodide (DiR) using hybrid Fluorescence Molecular Tomography-X-ray Computed Tomography (FMT-XCT) and Multispectral Optoacoustic Tomography (MSOT) imaging technologies, was investigated. Viability and induction of apoptosis of DiR labeled MSCs w...

in this study, dynamic buckling of embedded laminated nanocomposite plates is investigated. the plates are reinforced with single-walled carbon nanotubes (swcnts) where to obtain the equivalent material properties of them, mori-tanaka model is applied. based on the sinusoidal shear deformation theory (ssdt), the motion equations are derived using energy method and hamilton's principal. the...

Borrelia burgdorferi, the spirochete that causes Lyme disease, differentially regulates synthesis of the outer membrane lipoprotein OspC to infect its host. OspC is required to establish infection but then repressed in the mammal to avoid clearance by the adaptive immune response. Inverted repeats (IR) upstream of the promoter have been implicated as an operator to regulate ospC expression. We ...

Quantum noise is common in CT images and is a persistent problem in accurate ventilation imaging using 4D-CT and deformable image registration (DIR). This study focuses on the effects of noise in 4D-CT on DIR and thereby derived ventilation data. A total of six sets of 4D-CT data with landmarks delineated in different phases, called point-validated pixel-based breathing thorax models (POPI), we...