We present numerical simulations of electron magnetohydrodynamic (EMHD) and electron reduced MHD (ERMHD) turbulence. Comparing scaling relations, we find that both EMHD and ERMHD turbulence show similar spectra and anisotropy. We develop new techniques to study anisotropy of EMHD turbulence. Our detailed study of anisotropy of EMHD turbulence supports our earlier result of k‖ ∝ k ⊥ scaling, whe...

BACKGROUND The assessment of physical activity and energy expenditure is relevant to the care of maintenance haemodialysis (MHD) patients. In the current study, we aimed to evaluate measurements of physical activity and energy expenditure in MHD patients from different centres and countries and explored the predictors of physical activity in these patients. METHODS In this cross-sectional mul...

The limitations of Hall MHD as a model for turbulence in weakly collisional plasmas are explored using quantitative comparisons to Vlasov-Maxwell kinetic theory over a wide range of parameter space. The validity of Hall MHD in the cold ion limit is shown, but spurious undamped wave modes exist in Hall MHD when the ion temperature is finite. It is argued that turbulence in the dissipation range ...

BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small ribonucleotides regulating gene expression. MicroRNAs are present in the blood in a remarkably stable form and have emerged as potential diagnostic markers in patients with cardiovascular disease. Our study aimed to assess circulating miR-133a levels in MHD patients and the relation of miR-133a to cardiac hypertrophy. METHODS We profiled miRNAs using RN...

For numerical simulations to be e;ective tools in plasma propulsion research, a high-order accurate solver that captures MHD shocks monotonically and works reliably for strong magnetic =elds is needed. For this purpose, a characteristics-based scheme for the MHD equations, with "ux limiters to improve spatial accuracy, has been developed. In this method, the symmetric form of the MHD equations,...

We used magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of interstellar turbulence to study the probability distribution functions (PDFs) of increments of density, velocity, and magnetic field. We found that the PDFs are well described by a Tsallis distribution, following the same general trends found in solar wind and Electron MHD studies. We found that the PDFs of density are different in subsonic and ...

In this article, a laminar magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) developing flow of an incompressible electrically conducting fluid subjected to an external magnetic field is considered. The aim of the study is to propose a correlation for computing the development length of the laminar MHD developing flow in a pipe. A numerical approach is considered to solve the problem. In the first step, the numerical...

The metriplectic framework, which allows for the formulation of an algebraic structure for dissipative systems, is applied to visco-resistive Magneto-Hydrodynamics (MHD), adapting what had already been done for non-ideal Hydrodynamics (HD). The result is obtained by extending the HD symmetric bracket and free energy to include magnetic …eld dynamics and resistive dissipation. The correct equati...

Interaction between a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) pulse and a charged particle is discussed both numerically and theoretically. Charged particles can be accelerated efficiently in the presence of spatially correlated MHD waves, such as short large amplitude magnetic structures, by successive mirror reflection (Fermi process). In order to understand this process, we study the reflection probabilit...