Vector optical field (VOF) manipulation greatly extended the boundaries of traditional scalar optics over past decades. Meanwhile, newly emerging techniques enabled by structural functional materials have driven research domain into subwavelength regime, where abundant new physical phenomena and technologies been discovered exploited for practical applications. In this Tutorial, we outline basi...

The volume-of-fluid (VOF) method is one of the most widely used formulations to simulate interfacial and free-surface flows (Scardovelli & Zaleski 1999). In this method, the interface evolution is implicitly tracked using a discrete function, F , whose value represents the volume fraction of the tagged fluid within a cell of the computational mesh. F is a discretized version of the fluid marker...

A spherical drop, placed in a second liquid of the same density, is subjected to shearing between parallel plates. The subsequent flow is investigated numerically with a volume-of-fluid ~VOF! method. The scheme incorporates a semi-implicit Stokes solver to enable computations at low Reynolds number. Our simulations compare well with previous theoretical, numerical, and experimental results. For...

Computer simulations of two-phase gas-liquid pipe flow cases have been performed with the commercial code STAR-CD using the VOF method and the results are illustrated in this paper. Computed pressure losses for stratified flow and stratified-wavy flow and time-averaged liquid levels are compared against measured data, showing good agreement with the experimental data. To achieve these results, ...

In this paper a numerical model for predicting waves generated by nearshore submarine mass-movements is described. The model is based on the Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equations with the k2e turbulence model. The volume of fluid (VOF) method is employed to track the free surface. Numerical results obtained from the present model are validated with laboratory experiments and analytic...

In this chapter, some real-life model problems that can be formulated as ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are introduced and numerically studied. These models are the variable-order fractional Hodgkin–Huxley model of neuronal excitation (VOFHHM) and other models with the variable-order fractional (VOF) time delay, such as the 4year life cycle of a population of lemmings model, the enzyme ...